building blocks
The process that is used to break or form glycosidic linkages!
What is broken by hydrolysis, formed by dehydration synthesis
function inside the cell!
What is cell recognition
Cellulose is used for this primary purpose in plants!
what is building material and structual support
Starch is primarily used for this biological purpose in plants!
What is energy storage
This is the name specific to the amount of carbons in the monomer that makes up both cellulose and starch!
what is a hexoses (6 carbon sugar aka glucose)
the types of bonds that link monomers to form polymers!
What is a glycoside linkage
Function in the general organism!
What is structural support and energy
Cellulose forms these strong, fibrous structures due to hydrogen bonding between chains!
what are microfibrils
the complex form made when a glucose and glucose bond (disaccharide)!
what is a maltose
The functional groups inside a glucose monomer!
what are carbonyl and hydroxyl groups
The elements that make up carbs!
What is Carbon (x) Hydrogen (2x) and Oxygen (x) (x being amount in a particular monosaccharide)
Carbs are needed by other macromolecules!
Because of them being used as the primary energy source, structural support, and used to build DNA and RNA
Cellulose is a key structural component of this plant cell structure!
what is the cell wall
Storage structure made from starch that are extensively branched!
what is glycogen
This class of organisms can digest cellulose due to symbiotic microbes in their digestive systems!
What are herbivores (or ruminants)
the monomers that make up carbohydrates!
What is a monosaccharide (simple sugar)
where carbs are located in the cell!
What is in cell walls
Unlike starch, cellulose cannot be digested by humans because of this reason!
What is the beta glycosidic linkage
Storage structures mainly composed of starch that are unbranched!
what is amylose
This branching pattern in starch makes it more compact and energy-efficient for storage!
What is amylopectin
the different polymers of carbs (and what makes them different)!
What is polysaccharides like starch (all 1-4 linkage of alpha glucose monomers in the same direction) vs cellulose (1-4 linkage of beta glucose monomers- upside down in respect to neighbors)
Carbs reaction to water!
What is non-polar and hydrophobic
The amount of cellulose molecules in a microfibril!
what is around 80 cellulose molecules
While both are polysaccharides, these features allows starch to be more easily mobilized for metabolism than cellulose!
What is its branched structure and alpha linkage
This carbohydrate is used by arthropods build exoskeletons (fungi use it to build cell walls too)!
what is chitin