Anatomy
This valve prevents blood from backflowing from the right ventricle to the right atrium.
What is the tricuspid valve?
This valve prevents backflow of oxygenated blood back into the left ventricle.
What is the aortic semilunar valve?
Blood flow starts here.
What is the superior/inferior vena cava?
Blood flows from the atria into the ventricles.
What is atrial relaxation & ventricular filling?
120/80 mmHg
What is the average blood pressure?
Deoxygenated blood enters this chamber.
What is the right atrium?
This ventricle is more muscular than the right ventricle.
Why is the left ventricle thicker?
This type of blood exits through the pulmonary arteries.
Atria depolarizes, causing them to contract and push blood through the AV valves.
What is atrial Contraction & ventricular Filling?
60-100 bpm
What is the average resting heart rate of an adult?
After leaving the right ventricle, blood travels through this artery to reach the lungs.
What is the pulmonary artery?
This structure makes sure that the left ventricle has enough force to push blood through the entire systemic circuit.
What is the myocardium of the left ventricle?
Blood returns to the heart through these vessels.
What are the pulmonary veins?
The atria relaxes, ventricular pressure begins to increase. No valves open.
What is isovolumetric contraction?
Contraction of the ventricles presented on an EKG.
What s the QRS complex?
Oxygenated blood returns from the lungs through these vessels before entering the left atrium.
What are the pulmonary veins?
All valves remain closed during this phase.
What is isovolumetric contraction?
Hormones, fitness level and age affect this variable of the cardiac output equation.
What is heart rate?
Pressure in the ventricles exceeds the pressure in the aorta and the semilunar valves open causing blood to be ejected from the semilunar valves.
What is ventricular ejection?
The heart contracts weakly at the wrong time.
What is extrasystole?
This thick-walled chamber pumps oxygen-rich blood into the aorta and out to the body.
What is the left ventricle?
What is ventricular ejection?
Name two of the four determinates of cardiac output.
What is afterload, preload, contractility and heart rate.
The ventricles relax, semilunar valves close and AV valves remain closed.
What is isovolumetric relaxation?
The action potential does not reach the ventricles.
What is atrial ventricular block (AV block)?