Rhythms
100
NSR
Symptoms: fever, murmur, anemia, nail-bed hemorrhages; vegetation found in echo
Endocarditis
A male patient with heart failure is prescribed spironolactone. What side effects should the patient monitor for?
Hypeerkalemia--muscle weakness, fatigue, or arrythmias
Gynecomastia (breast enlargement)
Libido or ED
N/V, dehydration
If a nurse is infusing 1L of lactated ringers at 50 gtt/min with a 10 gtt/mL set, how many minutes would it take for the entire bag to be administered?
200 min.
A nurse caring for a group of clients. The nurse should recognize which of the following clients is at risk for the development of a dysrhythmia? Select all that apply.
A. A client with metabolic alkalosis
B. A client with a 4.3 potassium level
C. A client with an O2 of 96%
D. A client with an ETOH use disorder
E. A client who underwent stent placement in a coronary artery.
A, C, E
200
NSR w/ PACs
Patient presents to the ED with restlessness, cough, crackles, tachypnea, orthopnea, and tachycardia. Which sided heart failure is this patient most likely experiencing?
Left-sided heart failure
A paient receiving diltiazem for atrial fibrillation complains of dizziness and lightheadedness upon standing. What might be causing these symptoms and what should the nurse do?
hypotension; educate the patient to change positions slowly and monitor blood pressure regularly.
The provider orders lanoxin 0.125 mg PO 4 times a day. The label reads Lanoxin 250 mcg per tablet. How many tablets will the nurse administer per dose?
0.5 tablets.
A nurse in a provider's office is monitoring blood electrolytes for four clients who take digoxin. Which of the following electrolyte values increase a client's risk digoxin toxicity?
A. Calcium 9.2 mg/dL
B. Calcium 10.3 mg/dL
C. Potassium 3.4 mEq/L
D. Potassium 4.8 mEq/L
C. potassium 3.4
300
Aflutter
A patient presents to the ED with hypotension. Upon echocardiogram evaluation, all 4 chambers of the heart are enlarged and the patient's cardiac output is decreased. S3 and S4 are noted on auscultations. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Cardiomyopathy
Broccoli, spinach, kale, collard greens, brussels sprouts, blueberries, vegetable oil, pomegranate juice, pumpkin, grapes,
If a nurse is administering a 75 mL of a medication over 50 minutes with a micro gtt set, what is the flow rate in gtt/min.
90 gtt/min
A nurse is assessing a client taking amiodarone. Which of the following is a manifestation of amiodarone toxicity?
A. Light yellow urine
B. Report of tinnitus
C. Productive cough
D. Blue-gray skin discoloraion
Productive cough can indicate pulmonary toxicity or heart failure.
400
Mobitz 2
Symptoms: chest pain radiating to left side of neck, worse with inspiration/cough. Pain is worse lying supine, but relieved by leaning forward where a pleural friction rub
Pericarditis
A patient has been started on Lisinopril (Zestril) for high blood pressure. What side effects should the patient monitor for and report to the provider?
Dry cough
Hyperkalemia
Angioedema
A patient weighs 56.6 kg and is receiving Dopamine 400 mg in 250 mL D5W. The infusion pump is set at 16 mL/hour. How many mcg/min is the patient receiving?
426.7 mcg
A nurse is admitting a client who has a suspected myocardial infarction (MI) and a history of angina. Which of the following findings will help the nurse distinguish stable angina from an MI?
A. Stable angina can be relieved with rest and nitroglycerin.
B. The pain of an MI resolved in less than 15 min.
C. The type of activity that causes and MI can be identified.
D. Stable angina can occur for longer than 30 minutes.
A. Stable angina can be relieved with rest and nitroglycerin.
500
3rd degree AVB
BONUS QUESTION:
-Describe the flow of blood through the heart (including the valves)
In through Vena Cava to RA
-RA through Tricuspid valve to the RV
-RV through the pulmonic valve to the L&R pulmonary arteries
-to the lungs; back in through the L&R pulmonary veins
-PVs to LA through the Mitral valve to the LV
-LV through aortic valve, through aortic arch, down the descending aorta to the body
A patient admitted to the floor with afib and is being put on digoxin, what is the purpose (action) of this medication and what are the signs of toxicity?
+inotrope (^contraction), -chrontrope (slower rate), -Dromotrope (slows AB conduction)
-Toxicity: N/V/D, blurred vision, halo effect, HA, drowsiness, confusion, disorientation (comes from hypOkalemia, kidney injury, decreased GFR)
A patient is prescribed a drug. The dosage of the drug is 3mg/kg/day, and the patient weighs 40kg. The drug comes in liquid form with a concentration of 2mg/mL. What volume of the drug should the patient be given in a single dose if they must take the drug 2 times per day?
30 mLs/dose
A nurse is caring for a client who has pericarditis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Select all that apply.
A. Petechia
B. Friction rub
C. Splinter hemorrhages under the nails
D. Cough
E. Chest pain
b. friction rub, d. cough, e. chest pain