Antihypertensives
A persistent dry cough, fatigue, and angioedema are common adverse effects of this class of antihypertensives
What is ACE-Inhibitors
Patients taking Warfarin (Coumadin) should minimize or not add to foods high in this vitamin? What types of foods does this include?
What is Vitamin K; Green leafy vegetables
Digoxin is the most effective drug for what medical condition?
What is Congestive Heart Failure
What is the term for increased heart rate?
Tachycardia
The action and indication of Nitroglycerin
What is relaxation of smooth muscle; Decreases BP, preload, and cardiac workload
Or dilates cardiac vessels
Angina
These are meant to decrease the heart rate and cardiac output, which in turn lowers the blood pressure
What is Beta Blockers
What laboratory test measures the efficacy of Heparin?
What is a Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)
What is the therapeutic lab value range for digoxin?
What is 0.5-2.0 ng/mL
What is the normal lab value for potassium chloride (KCL)?
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
What laboratory test measures the efficacy of Coumadin?
What is the antidote for Coumadin?
What is pt/INR?
What is Vitamin K
The nurse would watch out for which abnormal lab value while taking catopril (Capoten)?
High potassium or Hyperkalemia
Mr. A is going down for a Cardiac Cath at 9am. You see that he is on a Heparin gtt when you are receiving bedside report at 730am that is still infusing. What should you do and Why?
What is call the MD to make them aware of the Heparin gtt still infusing. Heparins need to be held 6hrs pre-procedure to prevent bleeding.
The nurse is checking a client's vital signs. The pulse is 72 and the BP is 124/78. It is time to administer digoxin. What should the nurse do?
Give the medication as prescribed and continue to monitor
Propranalol (Inderal LA) IV is ordered on a patient for it's antiarrythmic actions. What must the nurse assess prior to giving this medication?
What is pulse and BP
Also should be on cardiac monitor continously
What central nervous system (CNS) effect is seen in lidocaine (Xylocaine) Toxicity?
What is slurred or difficulty speaking
Paresthesias
Numbness
A nurse is assessing a client prior to administering atenolol. Which finding would cause the nurse to withold the medication?
Bradycardia
or
Bronchospasm
or
Hypotension
Name the class of medication that dissolves clots. Name the 2 most common conditions that this class of medication are indicated.
What is Thrombolytic Agents (t-PA, tenecteplase, activase(Alteplase);these are indicated for Acute MI and Ischemic (embolic) stroke
The nurse is about to administer digoxin as ordered. How should the nurse assess the pulse?
What is check the apical pulse for 1 full minute
What lab value is often associated with dysrhythmias?
What might happen to t waves?
What is potassium?
Hypokalemia-flattened or depressed
Hyperkalemia- peaked or tall
You are admitting a patient with a diagnosis of Irregular heart rate with nausea and vomiting. As you check in this patient and start your assessment the patient starts complaining of a yellow hue and spots in her vision. What is wrong with this patient?
What is Digoxin Toxicity
Signs and Symptoms •Irregular pulse •Loss of appetite •Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea •Palpitations •Vision changes (unusual), including blind spots, blurred vision, changes in how colors look, or seeing spots)
Name the Five Classifications of First Line Antihypertensive Drugs
What is 1. Diuretics (more commonly Thiazide Diuretics)
2. (ACE) Inhibitors
3. ARBs
4. Beta Blockers
5. Calcium Channel Blockers
Explain what the difference is between Anticoagulants and Antiplatelet Agents. Name 1 medication in each group.
What is Anticoagulants - Helps to prevent harmful clots from forming in the blood vessels- enoxaparin (Lovenox), Heparin, warfarin (Coumadin)
Antiplatelets - Prevents platelet aggregation- Aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix)
What electrolyte imbalance puts a patient at risk for digoxin toxicity?
What is low potassium or hypokalemia
This Class III Antiarrythymic drug is used for life saving emergencies such as Vfib and pulseless vtach?
What is amiodarone (Cordarone)
What should the nurse tell the patient to do at home if the patient has chest pain?
What is Rest and take NTG 0.4mg SL x 3 tabs, then call 911 if no relief
Can take NTG tablets prior to perfomring activity that usually causes CP