"Just Say No"
To give or not to give.... patient B/P 118/60. HR 70. 0800 dose of metoprolol due
What is GIVE? Normal B/P
True or False: Therapeutic dose of heparin prevents new clots, does not dissolve existing clots.
What is TRUE?
Common generic name is apixaban
What is Eliquis?
Before giving an ACE inhibitor, the nurse should assess this vital sign because it may drop too low.
What is blood pressure?
Lisinopril and enalapril are examples of this drug class
What are ACE Inhibitors (Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors)?
Spironolactone (Aldactone) is in this class, and the nurse watches closely for hyperkalemia.
What are K Sparing Diuretics?
This cholesterol-lowering medication class may cause constipation and can bind other meds, so it should be taken separate from other medications.
What are bile-acid sequestrants? (Example: cholestyramine)
To give or not to give...patient has 0900 dose of 5mg warfarin due. INR is 3.2
What is "Not to Give"
A low level of this electrolyte increases the risk of dangerous dysrhythmias—especially in patients taking digoxin.
What is potassium?
Generic name is metoprolol
What is Lopressor?
True or False: ACE Inhibitors are safe for use during pregnancy
True or False: Hydralazine is a direct-acting vasodilator. It works by relaxing the smooth muscle in blood vessels, leading to vasodilation and reduced blood pressure.
What is TRUE?
You can't give this type of diuretics to patients with gout, and use caution in patients receiving digoxin and lithium.
What is loop diuretic?
This medication used to help improve cholesterol can cause a common side effect called flushing, which may be reduced by taking it with food or taking aspirin as ordered.
What is Niacin? (Nicotinic Acid, B3)
Adverse reactions to monitor and educate patient receiving an anticoagulant. Name two
What is hemorrhage, blood in the urine, epistaxis, ecchymosis, bleeding gums, bloody stools, thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), hypotension, nausea, GI upset, diarrhea, hepatic dysfunction?
This cardiac lab value is monitored closely when a patient is on warfarin, and the typical therapeutic range for A-fib/DVT/PE is 2.0–3.0.
What is INR?
Generic name is carvedilol
What is Coreg?
A patient taking lisinopril develops a persistent dry cough. This is a common side effect of this medication class.
What is ACE inhibitor?
Metoprolol and atenolol. These drugs are cardio selective and primarily target beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the hear to reduce heart rate and myocardial contractility
What are Beta Blockers?
This type of diuretic is commonly ordered for CHF to reduce fluid overload and swelling. It inhibits the reabsorption of Na and Cl, depletes water and electrolytes, increases uric acid levels and excretes calcium (and potassium)
What is a loop diuretic? (Example: furosemide/Lasix)
This class of medication helps prevent clots but increases bleeding risk, so the nurse monitors for bruising, blood in stool/urine, and bleeding gums.
What are anticoagulants?
(Example: warfarin, heparin)
If hemoglobin is very low, the nurse should monitor for signs of this serious complication due to decreased oxygen delivery.
What is hypoxia? (Or poor profusion)
This lab value measures the oxygen-carrying ability of the blood, and a low result may indicate anemia. May accept What is fatigue (or shortness of breath / dizziness)?
What is digoxin toxicity? Hold medication, report immediately to charge nurse or provider.
Generic name is lisinopril
What is Zestril? or Prinvil? or Qbrelis?
This dangerous reaction can occur with ACE inhibitors and involves swelling of the lips, tongue, or face and requires emergency care.
What is angioedema?
Amlodipine and nifedipine. These drugs relax blood vessels by inhibiting the influx of calcium ions into vascular smooth muscle cells, resulting in vasodilation
What are Calcium Channel Blockers
This electrolyte imbalance is a common adverse effect of loop diuretics like furosemide and can cause muscle weakness and dysrhythmias.
What is hypokalemia?
This medication class is known as “clot busters” and carries a high risk for bleeding, meaning the nurse should avoid IM injections and monitor closely.
What are thrombolytics?
(Example: alteplase/tPA)
This condition is a major risk with potassium-sparing diuretics and can lead to dangerous cardiac dysrhythmias.
What is hyperkalemia?
Due to the risk of hyperkalemia in clients taking this class of this blood pressure medication, they should be instructed to avoid potassium supplements, potassium containing salt substitutes, and foods that are high in potassium
What are ACE inhibitors?
Brand name is Capoten. Was the first oral ACE Inhibitor used for treatment of HTN and some types of CHF
What is captopril?
A patient on lisinopril has a potassium level of 5.8. What is the nurse’s priority action?
What is hold the medication and notify the provider?
This class of diuretic works by increasing the excretion of sodium and water through the kidneys. This reduces blood volume, which in turn lowers blood pressure, making it effective for managing HTN.
What is Thiazide Diuretic?
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) belongs to this class of diuretics, commonly used to treat hypertension.
What are Thiazide Diuretics?
A patient who received a thrombolytic (tPA) suddenly develops a severe headache and confusion. This complication is suspected, and the nurse should notify the provider immediately.
What is intracranial bleeding (hemorrhagic stroke)?