Heart Anatomy
How many chambers does the heart have?
4
This medication helps control blood pressure and heart rate. The name ends in "olol". Examples: metoprolol, carvedilol
Beta Blockers
What is the golden standard for blood pressure?
< 120/ <80
What is the number one risk factor for cardiovascular disease?
High blood pressure
What is the procedure used to bypass occluded arteries, using vein grafts typically from the leg, by going through the chest?
Coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG)
What are the bottom chambers of the heart called?
Ventricles
This medication helps your kidneys release more sodium into the blood. The sodium will help release water from the blood, ultimately helping control blood pressure and prevent edema. Examples: hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide, spironolactone
Diuretics
The top number of your blood pressure reading; it is the pressure within the arteries when the heart beats
systolic
What are examples of non-modifiable (ones that you can't change) risk factors?
Age, gender, genetics/family history
This is a tiny tube that a doctor places in an artery or duct to help keep it open and restore the flow of bodily fluids in the area.
stent
Approximately how big is the size of your heart.
About the size of your fist.
What medication would you take for chest pain, also known as angina?
Nitroglycerin
The bottom number of your blood pressure reading; the amount of pressure in the arteries while the heart is resting in between beats
diastolic
What are examples of modifiable (ones that you can change) risk factors?
weight, smoking, high blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes
A test or treatment for certain heart or blood vessel problems, such as clogged arteries or irregular heartbeats. It uses a thin, hollow tube called a catheter. The tube is guided through a blood vessel to the heart. Gives important details about the heart muscle, heart valves and blood vessels in the heart.
Cardiac catherization
What chamber of the heart pumps blood to the rest of the body?
Left ventricle.
This fruit can have a negative interaction with cardiac medications.
Grapefruit
What blood pressure is considered a hypertensive crisis?
>180/>120
If you HbA1c score is greater than this number, than you may be diagnosed with diabetes.
6.5%
A medical treatment that uses quick, low-energy shocks to restore a regular heart rhythm. It's used to treat some types of irregular heartbeats, called arrhythmias. (Ex: atrial fibrillation)
Cardioversion
When you have a blockage in this part of the heart, people call it the "widow maker".
Left anterior descending
If your prescription says to take medication "b.i.d", how many times are you supposed to take it?
Twice a day
What is the nutrient that we find in most foods that can cause fluid retention and raise blood pressure?
How much more likely will smokers develop heart disease versus non-smokers?
2-4 times
This test uses sound waves to create pictures of the heart. This common test can show blood flow through the heart and heart valves. It can help assess ejection fraction (a percentage of how much blood the left ventricle is pumps out with each contraction).
Echocardiogram