Sinus
The normal adult heart rate range for a sinus rhythm.
60–100 bpm
The atrial rhythm characterized by rapid, regular atrial activity, often “sawtooth” waves.
Atrial flutter
The rhythm that originates at the AV node with a rate of 40–60 bpm.
Junctional escape rhythm
Rapid, wide-complex rhythm with a regular pattern, often after MI.
Ventricular tachycardia (VTach)
ST segment elevation in leads II, III, aVF indicates this wall MI.
Inferior wall MI
This sinus rhythm occurs when the rate is above 100 bpm.
Sinus tachycardia
The irregularly irregular atrial rhythm with no distinct P waves.
Atrial fibrillation
The type of heart block with a prolonged PR interval >0.20 sec.
First-degree AV block
Chaotic ventricular rhythm with no organized QRS, no pulse.
Ventricular fibrillation (VFib)
ST elevation in V1–V4 typically represents this MI.
Anterior wall MI
This sinus rhythm occurs when the rate is below 60 bpm.
Sinus bradycardia
A sudden burst of 3 or more ectopic atrial beats is called this.
Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT)
This complete AV block shows independent atrial and ventricular rates.
Third-degree AV block
A wide QRS rhythm with a rate of 20–40 bpm originating from ventricles.
Idioventricular rhythm
ST depression or T wave inversion may indicate this.
Myocardial ischemia
This sinus rhythm shows a gradual increase and decrease in rate with respiration.
Sinus arrhythmia
Premature atrial contractions are identified by these on ECG.
Early P wave with abnormal shape
This AV block has progressively lengthening PR intervals until a QRS is dropped.
Second-degree AV block, Mobitz I (Wenckebach)
Polymorphic VT with a twisting axis around the baseline.
Torsades de pointes
The artery most commonly involved in an anterior wall MI.
Left anterior descending (LAD)
This sinus rhythm is regular, with normal P waves and QRS complexes, but occurs briefly and unexpectedly, often triggered by exercise, stress, or stimulants.
Sinus pause / sinus arrest
This atrial rhythm originates from multiple ectopic foci in the atria.
Multifocal atrial tachycardia (MAT)
This AV block has consistent PR intervals but occasional dropped QRS complexes.
Second-degree AV block, Mobitz II
PVCs are classified as this when they occur every other beat.
Bigeminy
This cardiac biomarker rises within hours after myocardial injury and is used to confirm a diagnosis of MI.
Troponin