Heart Failure
Cardiac Testing
Heart Rhythms
Heart Attack
Anatomy
100
I am the measurement of the percentage of blood leaving the heart each time it contracts.
What is Ejection Fraction?
100
I am the drug commonly used in nuclear stress tests when patients cannot exercise on a treadmill
What is Lexiscan (Regadenoson)?
100
Identify this rhythm:
What is normal sinus rhythm?
100
The medical terminology used for heart attack.
What is myocardial infarction?
100
Which muscular structure separates the heart into left and right?
What is the septum?
200
I am a diagnostic test commonly used to assist in the diagnosis for heart failure.
What is an echocardiogram?
200
Patients are advised they cannot have this 24 hours prior to a nuclear stress test.
What is Caffeine?
200
I am a premature heartbeat originating from the bottom chambers of the heart (ventricles).
What are PVC’s?
200
A protein found in heart muscle. That is released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is injured.
What is troponin?
200
What is the name of the large vessel that leaves the heart and carries blood to the body?
What is the Aorta?
300
I am the common biomarker measured in the blood that helps diagnose volume overload.
Want is pro-BNP? (Secreted from the ventricles in response to ventricular overload)
300
Patients are advised they should not take this medication prior to a stress echocardiogram in which they will be exercising on a treadmill.
What is a beta blocker?
300
I am a problem with your heartbeat signal moving from the upper to lower part of your heart. The signal can only get through sometimes, or not at all. This makes your heartbeat slowly or skip beats.
What is heart block?
300
The medical terminology used to describe “lack of blood flow”
What is ischemia?
300
The term used for narrowing of a heart valve and leakiness of a heart valve.
What is stenosis and regurgitation?
400
I am a type of heart failure in which the left ventricle is still and does not relax properly between heartbeats.
What is diastolic heart failure or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)?
400
I am a medical procedure which involves inserting a thin tube into the heard through a blood vessel in the arm or leg to diagnose and treat clogged arteries.
What is cardiac catheterization?
400
Identify this rhythm:
What is Atrial Fibrillation?
400
Name 3 risk factors for heart attack
What are Age, tobacco use, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, diabetes, family history.
Heart attack risk factors include:
Age. Men age 45 and older and women age 55 and older are more likely to have a heart attack than are younger men and women.
Tobacco use. This includes smoking and long-term exposure to secondhand smoke. If you smoke, quit.
High blood pressure. Over time, high blood pressure can damage arteries that lead to the heart. High blood pressure that occurs with other conditions, such as obesity, high cholesterol or diabetes, increases the risk even more.
High cholesterol or triglycerides. A high level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (the "bad" cholesterol) is most likely to narrow arteries. A high level of certain blood fats called triglycerides also increases heart attack risk. Your heart attack risk may drop if levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol — the "good" cholesterol — are in the standard range.
Obesity. Obesity is linked with high blood pressure, diabetes, high levels of triglycerides and bad cholesterol, and low levels of good cholesterol.
Diabetes. Blood sugar rises when the body doesn't make a hormone called insulin or can't use it correctly. High blood sugar increases the risk of a heart attack.
Family history of heart attacks. If a brother, sister, parent or grandparent had an early heart attack (by age 55 for males and by age 65 for females), you might be at increased risk.
400
Blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from your lungs to your heart
500
I am a type of heart failure in which the left ventricle of the heart is weak
What is systolic heart failure or heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)?
500
I am a complication that can sometimes occur after a heart catheterization at the access site which presents as a lump under the skin which is typically painful.
What is a hematoma?
500
Name 2 types of procedures that are used to treat atrial fibrillation.
500
Name 3 common medications prescribed after a heart attack.
What are:
- Beta-blockers to slow the heart
- Nitrates to boost heart blood flow
- Blood thinners such as aspirin, Brilinta, clopidogrel (Plavix), Effient, or heparin to stop further clotting
- ACE inhibitors to help the heart muscle heal
- Statins—cholesterol-lowering drugs such as atorvastatin and simvastatin—to help the heart muscle heal and lower the chances of another heart attack
500
- Tricuspid valve
- Mitral valve
- Aortic valve