GI tract
All chemical digestion and absorption has taken place, where does the food go next?
large intestine
The interaction between an organism and its food is
nutritition
Complex carbohydrates are digested down into
Simple sugars (monosaccharides & disaccharides)
Red fruits and vegetables may contain
Lycopene
Oxygen is used up in metabolic reactions, producing unstable oxygen molecules. These unstable oxygen molecules are called
free radicals
Where was the food before it was stored as feces?
large intestine
Lipids are the body’s main source of
stored energy
Lipids are digested down into
fatty acids and glycerol
Yellow and green fruits and vegetables contain
Lutein and zeaxanthin
.................... may protect against cataract formation and age-related macular degeneration.
Lutein and zeaxanthin
What next organs does the food move to after it becomes chyme due to the addition of hydrochloric acid, mucus, and pepsin; protein digestion has begun?
small intestine
Vitamins A, D, E, & K are
Fat-soluble vitamins
Proteins are digested down into
amino acids
Plant chemicals that occur in fruits and vegetables and give those foods their color are called
phytochemicals
Normal blood pressure is considered to be
120/80
The food is now a bolus being propelled forward. Where is the food now?
mouth
Carbohydrates are the body’s main source of
ready to use energy
A _____ protein contains all 20 amino acids.
complete
Free radicals cause disease by damaging vital components of cells and molecules by stealing ____ from those cells and molecules.
electrons
teeth, pancreas, liver, salivary glands, gall bladder. These are
Accessory organs of the digestive system
The sum of the body’s chemical reactions, both catabolic (breaking down, releasing energy) and anabolic (building up, using energy) is called
what is metabolism
Nutrients your body needs but cannot make
Essential nutrient
The amount of food on your plate or in your takeout container is called a
portion
Molecules that can donate electrons without becoming free radicals because they are stable are called
antioxidants
A BMI is a quick way to evaluate someone's fitness level. Usually, a BMI over 30 tells us that the person is obese. When could this be misleading?
the person could be very muscular