Dyslipidemia
What statins and doses are considered high-intensity?
- Atorvastatin 40-80 mg
- Rosuvastatin 20-40 mg
What are the four class of BP lowering medication recommended for initial treatment and which two are recommended in African-Americans?
ACEi, ARBs, Thiazides, CCBs; and Thiazides and CCBs
- Furosemide
- Torsemide
- Bumetanide
- Ethacrynic acid
Amiodarone
What CYP enzyme should be genetically tested before starting Plavix for stroke prophylaxis?
CYP2C19
Which two statins are water soluble and theoretically should have less incidence of myalgias/myopathies?
Pitavastatin and Pravastatin
What two beta-blockers are preferred in portal hypertension?
Nadolol and Propranolol
What are the three beta-blockers with proven benefit in heart failure?
- Bisoprolol
- Carvedilol
- Metoprolol ER
What medications are preferred in treating a patient in AFib?
BB and ND-CCBs
What acronym is used for initial treatment of ACS and what does it stand for?
- Morphine
- O2
- Nitroglycerin
- Aspirin
What other cholesterol medication increases the risk of myalgias the most if taken with statins?
Gemfibrozil
How many hours should you wait between stopping an ACEi and starting Entresto?
36 hours
What two CCBs are considered safest in HFrEF?
Felodipine and Amlodipine
48 hours
What NSAID has the lowest CV risk?
Naproxen
What two statins should be dose adjusted with strong 3A4 inhibitors and what two statins have the lowest risk of drug interactions?
Simvastatin and Lovastatin; Rosuvastatin and Pravastatin
What are the three preferred antihypertensives in pregnancy?
Labetalol, Nifedipine ER, and Methyldopa
What are the two benefit groups of MCRA therapy?
- Post MI and EF ≤ 40%
- EF ≤ 35%
What antihistamine was pulled from the market after it was found to have caused many cases of QTc prolongation?
Terfenadine
What toxicity must you be cautious of when using sodium nitroprusside in a hypertensive emergency?
Cyanide
What are the four statin benefit groups?
- Clinical ASCVD
- Primary elevation of LDL ≥ 190 mg/dL
- Ages 40-75 w/ DM and LDL 70-189 mg/dL
- Ages 40-75 and LDL 70-189 mg/dL and 10-year ASCVD at least ≥ 7.5%
What is an uncommon, but potential side effect of Olmesartan?
Enteropathy - causing severe, chronic diarrhea with substantial weight loss
What diabetes medication is currently being investigated in HFpEF or DHF?
Empagliflozin (Jardiance)
What two AADs are preferred in patients with HFrEF or Structural Heart Disease?
Amiodarone and Dofetilide
What is an important counseling point when using Ticagrelor instead of Clopidogrel?