Cardiomyopathy
Name two clinical manifestations of dilated cardiomyopathy?
Fatigue, weakness, palpitations, dyspnea, n/v, anorexia
What is a common cause of Infective Endocarditis?
Staphylococcus aureus
hat is the most common cause of acute pericarditis?
Most often idiopathic with a variety of suspected viral causes Most common viral cause is Coxsackie B virus
What is the most common cause of mitral stenosis?
rheumatic fever
What is hypertension?
Having persistent BP that is 140/90 or greater on multiple occasions
What is the most common type of cardiomyopathy: dilated, hypertrophic or restrictive?
Dilated cardiomyopathy
What is Infective Endocarditis?
Infection of the endocardial layer of the heart.
What causes chronic pericarditis?
TB, radiation, or metastases
Atrial fibrillation is a common manifestation that only occurs with what type of valvular heart disease ?
Mitral Stenosis
What cardiovasulcar disorder is HTN a known risk factor for?
Coronary heart disease (CHD)
What is the primary diagnostic test to confirm hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Echocardiogram
How does Infective Endocarditis occur?
When blood turbulence within the heart allows the causative organism to infect previously damaged valves. (vegetation)
What are two major complications of pericarditis?
Cardiac tamponade and pericardial effusion
A client with mitral stenosis is scheduled for mitral valve replacement. Which condition may arise as a complication of mitral stenosis?
Pulmonary hypertension
What are the signs and symptoms of HTN along with the major complications?
S/S: often none; H.A, nosebleed
Complications: heart attack, HR, stroke, kidney disease, and blindness
What major condition does cardiomyopathy often lead to?
Heart failure
What are vascular manifestations of IE?
Petechiae, & Osler's nodes (painful, tender, red or purple pea size lesions)
What are the clinical manifestations of pericarditis?
Progressive frequently severe, sharp chest pains generally worse with deep inspiration or lying supine, patient may be seen trying to sit up and lean forward to breath. Pain may mimic angina.
Name two overall goals for the patient with valve disease.
1) Normal heart function. 2) Improved activity tolerance. 3) An understanding of the disease process and health maintenance measures.
Common treatment for hypertension is?
Beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, diuretics
Hypertrophic CMP is most commonly diagnosed in what type of people?
Active, athletic individuals
What are some nursing interventions for IE?
Assess vital signs together with heart sounds to detect murmur, change in preexisting murmur, and extra sounds.
What is the hallmark heart sound you could hear with pericarditis?
Pericardial friction rub
True/False: Biologic valves are more durable and last longer than Mechanical Prosthetic valves.
False
Diet modification for the HTN patient would include what acronym and information?
DASH diet (dietary approaches to stop HTN): fresh fruit, frozen veggies or fresh veggies, limit salt and sweets, lean meat, limit fat intake, whole grains