Causes/Epidemiology
Miscellaneous
Sequelae
Shock
Hypertension
Heart Failure
100
Chronic pulmonary disease leads to this heart problem:
What is right-sided heart failure
100
The______________ stimulates the_____________
to increase the heart rate.
medulla oblongata and Sympathetic nervous system
100
High blood pressure causes a shearing force against the artery walls and speeds the development of this.
What is atherosclerosis
100
Proteins which are released into the blood stream when cardiac muscle tissue is damaged from ischemia:
Troponin
100
An excess of this dietary electrolyte can cause increased blood pressure
Sodium
100
Symptoms of left systolic heart failure?
SOB, low 02 saturation (<92%), crackles
200
Increasing age, obesity and African American ethnicity
What are risk factors for high blood pressure
200
The amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in 1 minute:
Cardiac Output
200
Atherosclerosis of the arteries can lead to these two urgent medical conditions
What is stroke and Myocardial Infarction (heart attack)
200
A patient is experiencing hypovolemic shock. What is happening within the heart that is causing a decreased cardiac output?
A decrease in cardiac preload.
200
At what blood pressure is a person considered to have hypertension?
140/90
200
Symptoms of right-sided heart failure
Weight gain, edema, JVD
300
Valvular disorder which may occur following rheumatic fever:
Aortic stenosis
300
What area on diagram the represents atrial contraction and what is it called?
#1- P wave
300
Long term high blood pressure can cause irreversible damage to which sense? sound, sight or smell
What is sight (by causing micro hemorrhages in the blood vessels of the eye
300
What does the heart use to perfuse the myocardium when a blockage is present in one of the main coronary arteries?
Collateral circulation
300
What are causes of elevated blood pressure in essential hypertension? (Name 3)
Genetics
Smoking
Obesity
Poor Diet
Lack of exercise
Stress
300
Primary causes of heart failure are:
CAD, HTN, Diabetes
400
Hypoxia within the myocardium leads to what heart conditions:
Angina and Myocardial Infarction
400
What area the diagram represents ventricular repolarization and what is it called?
#3- T wave
400
Long standing High blood pressure can cause swelling of the extremities related to this condition.
What is Heart failure (causing the heart to pump inefficiently)
400
A patient is diagnosed with septic shock. As the nurse you know this is a __________ form of shock.
Distributive
400
Common medications used for treating hypertension (name 2)
Ace Inhibitors
Angiotensin II receptor blocker
Beta Blockers
Calcium Channel Blockers
Diuretics
400
Right-sided heart failure related to acute or chronic pulmonary disease
Cor Pulmonale
500
A valvular disorder leading to back flow of blood between the Left ventricle and Left atrium:
What is Mitral valve prolapse
500
The electrical representation of Left ventricular depolarization on an EKG monitor:
What is a QRS wave
500
A large effusion within the pericardial sac can lead to this life threatening complication:
What is cardiac tamponade
500
What is the cause of hypotension in a patient with neurogenic shock?
The sympathetic nervous system is unable to stimulate the nerves that regulate vasoconstriction.
500
A hypertensive crisis with a B/P greater than 180/110 can cause acute damage to these 3 organs
What are the brain, heart and kidneys
500
Drugs that lower blood pressure by decreasing blood volume.
Diuretics