Diagnostics
percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
What is the procedure for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction?
when a client with a know thrombosis has a new onset shortness of breath, the nurse is concerned about this.
What is a pulmonary embolism?
tachypnea, hypoxia (decreased O2 sat), tachycardia, shortness of breath, crackles on auscultation
What are clinical manifestations of decompensated heart failure?
This type of medication is used for inflammatory heart conditions like pericarditis.
What are anti-inflammatory drugs (ketorlac, ibuprofen, prednisone)?
this electrolyte imbalance is often altered in treatment with diuretics and can result in dysrhythmias
What is potassium?
treatment for this dysrhythmia includes defibrillation and high quality CPR.
What is ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia?
ST elevation on EKG
What is indicative of a myocardial infarction?
intermittent claudication is associated with this disorder.
What is peripheral arterial disease (PAD)?
medications reduce blood pressure and preload (volume)
What are diuretics (furosemide, budesonide)?
this medication, with a narrow therapeutic range, is commonly used in the treatment of heart failure for its affects on improving myocardial contractility
What is digoxin?
the priority nursing action when a client develops a dysrhythmia.
What is assess the client?
Do they have a pulse, are the awake and alert, are they symptomatic? Need more information
atypical signs of myocardial infarction in women
What is fatigue, nausea, and shortness of breath?
this antidysrhythmic drug helps to treat and prevent life-threatening arrhythmias (vfib, afib, vtach)
What is Amiodarone?
What is bronchospasm, bradycardia, and hypotension?
Risk factors for this arterial problem include advanced age, male gender, smoking, and uncontrolled hypertensions.
What is an aortic aneurysm?
the priority diagnostic tests when a client complains of a new onset of chest pain.
What is an electrocardiogram (ECG)?
Rationale: changes related to infarction and ischemia are evident within 30-60 seconds.
anticoagulants are indicated in the treatment of atrial fibrillation for this reason
What is prevent blood clots forming in the atrium because blood is static and not effectively moving to the ventricle.
Rationale: hemostasis (blood pooling/sitting) is one of the most common etiologies of clot formation.
Differentiate peripheral arterial disease (PAD) from peripheral venous disease (PVD)
PAD: ulcers that result from lack of oxygenation often leading to amputation and gangrene, loss of hair and pallor to lower extremities, also associated with DM
PVD: wet weepy yellow ulcers, leathery appearance of skin,
What is bleeding?
Instructing the client to sit up on the side of the bed and let blood reach the lower extremities.
What is appropriate education for a client with peripheral arterial disease to increase perfusion and oxygenation to lower legs?
this procedure is indicated for the removal of fluid in the pericardial sac (cardiac tamponade)
What is pericardiocentesis?
clients with significant bradycardia that are symptomatic (shortness of breath, lightheadedness, chest pain) will likely require the placement of this.
What is a pacemaker?
Differentiate right vs left heart failure clinical manifestations.
Left Heart Failure: pulmonary edema (crackles), shortness of breath, tachypnea
Right Heart Failure: liver congestions, peripheral edema, jugular vein distention.
vasodilator indicated for the relief of chest pain in client's with angina
What is nitroglycerin?
2nd intercostal space, right sternal boarder
5th intercostal space, mid clavicular line
What is the anatomical location for aortic valve sounds?
What is the anatomical location for the mitral valve sounds?