Cardiac Structure
Thickening of the ventricular wall due to pressure overload leads to this remodeling pattern.
What is concentric hypertrophy?
This property determines how easily the ventricle fills during diastole.
What is compliance?
Normal conduction depends on intact gap junctions between these cells.
What are cardiomyocytes?
What are the 4 Pillars of GDMT
What valve is most commonly affected by Rheumatic Heart disease?
The force that the ventricular muscle must generate to overcome the pressure inside the ventricle during contraction.
Define wall stress
This type of failure results when elevated filling pressures back up into the pulmonary circulation.
What is backward failure?
Fibrosis creates areas of slow conduction that allow impulses to re‑enter recovered tissue, forming these circuits.
What are reentry circuits?
Patient presents with preserved ejection fraction what is the first line treatment even though it is not class 1 yet?
What is SGLT2s?
What left sided murmur causes concentric hypertrophy?
What is Aortic Regurg?
This structural change increases chamber radius, raises wall stress, and reduces contractility.
What is ventricular dilation?
Dilated ventricles have decreased stroke volume due to impaired performance of this phase of the cardiac cycle.
What is systolic contraction?
This rhythm is characterized by an irregularly irregular rhythm without distinct P waves.
What is atrial fibrillation?
What comorbidity is associated with falsely low BNP?
What murmur is caused by severe Aortic Regurgitation producing premature mitral valve closure?
What is Austin Flint Murmur?
This connective‑tissue change disrupts myocardial architecture and slows electrical propagation.
What is fibrosis?
Concentric hypertrophy most commonly causes this early functional abnormality.
What is diastolic dysfunction?
Which AV block has constant PR intervals with intermittent dropped QRS complexes?
What is Second-degree AV block Mobitz II?
Indications for Cardiac Resynchronization therapy?
Sarcomeres added in series produce this type of hypertrophy.
What is concentric hypertrophy?
Volume overload increases LV size and eventually reduces forward cardiac output due to this mechanism.
What is progressive systolic dysfunction?
Patient presents rythm strip that demonstrates AFIB in the ED what two drugs are the treatment?
IV Heparin and IV Diltiazem
2.5 x at home dose
What valve is most common affected with IV drug users and what is the diagnosis?
What is tricuspid valve and infective endocarditis?