Rhythms Murmurs
and Valves
and Valves
This is the chief, often devastating consequence of untreated a fib.
CVA
This blood test can be used to rule in or rule out heart failure.
BNP (or pro-BNP)
ACE inhibitors are not recommended first line in these folks.
African Americans
These two medications are categorized as high intensity statins.
atorvastatin (Lipitor), rosuvastatin (Crestor)
Your patient with symptoms of LE claudication should be diagnosed with this.
PAD (or at least peripheral arterial insufficiency)
These are two risk factors for a fib.
Obesity, OSA, HTN, diabetes, alcohol, inactivity
These are 3 common symptoms of heart failure.
Orthopnea, dyspnea with exertion, edema, JVD, 3rd heart sound, 4th heart sound, crackles, etc.
This BP medication commonly causes this side effect in 10% of those who take it.
ACE inhibitor
This medication for cholesterol is famous for causing flushing.
Niacin
These are two risk factors for the development of PAD.
smoking, diabetes, hypertension, valvular disease, hyperlipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, etc.
This grade of murmur can be heard with the stethoscope partially off the chest.
Grade 5
This is the best diagnostic test for heart failure.
Echo
This is the BP goal for those over age 60.
150/90
This is the goal for HDL
60
This is the standard pressure for therapeutic pressure stockings.
30-40 mm Hg
This systolic murmur is best heard on the right sternal border with radiation to the neck.
Aortic stenosis
For most people with HF, this would be a reasonable treatment for a mild exacerbation.
Lasix
These are two sequelae of long-standing hypertension.
retinopathy, HF, stroke, LVH, CKD, aneurysm, etc.
This component of the lipid panel is most sensitive to fasting status.
triglycerides
This is the range for a normal ABI
1.1-1.4
This type of heart murmur is heard in over 50% of children.
Innocent (or Still's)
This is the most common cause of HF.
cardiomyopathy
These are two possible etiologies for secondary hypertension.
pheochromocytoma, OSA, renal artery stenosis, Cushing's, hyperaldosteronism, coarcatation of the aorta, thyroid disorder.
This medication is efficacious at lowering triglycerides (hint: not a statin).
niacin (or also acceptable are gemfibrozil and Zetia (ezembitide)
Hemosiderin staining is often seen with this condition.
venous insufficiency