Tissue Knowledge
the layer of the heart wall made of muscle tissue
myocardium
name for the upper chambers and lower chambers of the heart
upper - atria
lower - ventricles
Three blood vessels that dump blood into the right atrium
superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus
Natural pacemaker of the heart
SA node
blood vessel that always carries blood towards the heart
veins
The thick, tough outermost pericardial layer
fibrous pericardium
structures that make sure the bicuspid and tricuspid valves don't swing back into the atria when the ventricles are contracting
chordae tendineae
pulmonary trunk/arteries
Systole occurs when heart muscle is
contracted
which type of blood vessel allows for nutrient, waste, and gas exchange between the cells of the body and the blood stream
capillaries
The function of the serous fluid in the pericardial cavity
reduce friction
valve that prevents backflow of blood from pulmonary trunk into the right ventricle
pulmonary valve
Blood vessel that moves oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the tissues of the body
aorta
delays the impulse for a moment to allow atria to fully contract
AV node
Name 3 differences between arteries and veins
1. arteries have a thick muscle wall, veins do not
2. arteries are under high pressure, while veins are under lower pressure
3. veins have valves, arteries do not
the name of the "heart strings" situated between the atrioventricular valves and the papillary muscles
chordae tendineae
valve between the left atrium and left ventricle
bicuspid valve
pulmonary veins
purkinje fibers lead to what happening in the myocardium of the heart
ventricular syncytium contracts
Name the 3 blood vessel branchings off of the aorta
brachiocephalic artery, left common carotid, left subclavian artery
also known as the epicardium
visceral pericardium
what is happening in the heart to allow you to hear "lub dub"
dub - semilunar valves close
Starting with the right atrium, tell me the pathway blood takes through the heart. End with aorta and make sure to include all valves
right atrium - tricuspid v - right ventricle - pulmonary valve - pulmonary trunk/arteries - lungs - pulmonary veins - left atrium - bicuspid valve - left ventricle - aortic valve - aorta
Explain what is happening in an EKG reading (p, qrs, and t)
p wave - atrial depolarization and contraction
QRS - ventricular depolarization and contraction
T wave - ventricular repolarization and relaxation
Explain what a blood pressure reading means
120/80 - what does the top number represent and what does the bottom number represent
120 - systolic - ventricles are contracting
80 - diastolic - ventricles are relaxing