Blood Basics
This component makes up 55% of whole blood and is mostly water.
What is plasma?
These cells lack a nucleus and are shaped like a biconcave disc.
What are erythrocytes?
These vessels carry blood away from the heart.
What are arteries?
This chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.
This term describes the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle.
What is systole?
These three formed elements make up the solid portion of blood.
What are erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes?
One hemoglobin molecule can carry this many oxygen molecules.
What is four?
These tiny vessels are only one cell thick and allow gas exchange.
What are capillaries?
This layer of the heart is responsible for contractions.
What is the myocardium?
The formula for cardiac output is: heart rate multiplied by this measurement.
What is stroke volume?
This term refers to the percentage of red blood cells in a blood sample.
What is hematocrit?
This leukocyte releases histamine and is the least common of all WBCs.
What is a basophil?
These three layers are found in both arteries and veins.
What are the tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica externa?
These two valves separate the ventricles from the major arteries.
What are the pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves?
This blood type is considered the universal donor.
What is O-negative?
Oxygen cannot travel freely through blood because it has this chemical property.
What is being nonpolar?
This hormone stimulates red blood cell production in response to low oxygen.
What is erythropoietin?
These structures in veins prevent blood from flowing backwards.
What are valves?
The right and left sides of the heart are separated by this structure.
What is the septum?
A thrombus is a stationary clot. This term describes a clot that has broken free.
What is an embolus?
This protein in plasma helps regulate osmosis between blood and tissues.
What is albumin?
This process allows white blood cells to squeeze through vessel walls into tissues.
What is diapedesis?
These circular muscles can restrict blood flow into true capillaries when blood is needed elsewhere.
What are precapillary sphincters?
Place these conduction system structures in order: AV node, SA node, Purkinje fibers, AV bundle, bundle branches.
What is SA node → AV node → AV bundle → bundle branches → Purkinje fibers?
An Rh– mother carrying an Rh+ baby can develop these proteins that threaten future pregnancies.
What are anti-Rh antibodies?