Principle Structures
What structure(s) allows gas into and out of the body?
Mouth and Nose
Define the Airway
Low resistance pathway for airflow, defense against harmful substances when inhaled
What does VC stand for?
Vital Capacity
What are the two main components of ventilation?
Inhalation and Exhalation
What compound is removed from the blood and exhaled?
Carbon dioxide
What function does the trachea serve?
Connect the bronchi/ lungs to the larynx/ pharynx/ mouth
Common place for airway obstruction
Pharnyx
Define Pulmonary Ventilation
inflow and outflow of air between the atmosphere and the lungs (also called breathing).
List 1 thing that changes in our breathing during exercise ?
It increases.
Answer can vary
Where specifically does gaseous exchange occur?
Alveoli and/or capillaries
What structure connects the two lungs to each other?
Bronchi
Pneumothorax is what
Collapsed lung
What does Tidal Volume (TV) represent?
volume of air breathed in and out in any one breath.
What are 3 functions of blood?
1. transports materials
2. regulates body temperature
3. forms clots and repairs itself
What does the alveoli do?
Expand during inhalation taking oxygen, Shrink during exhale expelling carbon dioxide
What function does the pharynx serve?
Connect mouth and nose to larynx/ trachea
True or False- During Inhalation the pressure drops below the atmospheric pressure
True
Compare Inspiratory Reserve Volume(IRV) and Expiratory Reserve Volume(ERV)?
IRV is additional air over tidal volume while ERV is volume of air in excess of tidal volume
finish the sentence:
as CO2 increases, there is a _________acidity and _______ pH
Answer Bank: Lower, Higher
Higher , Lower
How does partial pressure contribute to gaseous exchange?
Partial pressure is responsible for the simple diffusion of oxygen from the oxygen-rich alveoli to the oxygen-poor blood, and the opposite for carbon dioxide
In what order does gas flow through the following structures when inhaling?
Mouth, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Lungs, Alveoli
True or False
Respiratory Zone includes respiratory bronchioles and alveoli, move oxygen/carbon dioxide in and out of the blood
True
Total lung capacity equals(TLC) what?
(IRV+TV+ ERV+RV)
Inspiratory Reserve Volume
Tidal Volume
Expiratory Reserve Volume
Residual Volume
(1) Function of the Arteries
(1) Function of the Veins
Arteries- carry blood AWAY from the heart
Veins- carry blood TOWARD the heart
Gaseous Exchange in the alveoli during exercise
Aveoli are perfused with blood
Passive Diffusion of Oxygen in blood --> becomes Carbon Dioxide out of blood