Blood Pressure
Where is your blood pressure measured?
Possible Answers - arteries/veins/capillaries
What is the function of the Superior Vena Cava?
Transports blood from the upper portion of the body to the heart
What is the scientific name, percent in blood, and function of white blood cells?
Leukocytes, make up one percent of blood, white blood cells are the body’s defense system and they fight off infection from bacteria and viruses that can cause disease.
Determine the function of capillaries.
Capillaries from the connection between arteries and veins and their primary function is the exchange of materials between the blood and tissue cells.
What are the 3 steps of hemostasis?
Step 1: Vascular Spasms
Step 2: Platelet Plug forms
Step 3: Coagulation
What is the definition of blood pressure?
Possible answer - The force of circulating blood on the walls of the arteries or blood vessels.
What's the difference between the left and right atrium?
right atrium-Chamber that Receives deoxygenated blood from the body
left atrium- Chamber that receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.
What is the scientific name, percent in blood, and function of red blood cells?
Erythrocytes, make up 40 to 45 percent of blood, red blood cells contain a special protein called hemoglobin, which helps carry oxygen to the rest of the body and bring carbon dioxide back to the lungs so that it can be exhaled.
Compare & Contrast arteries/veins.
Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the body and the walls of arteries are more muscular and thick compared to veins. Veins carry oxygen-poor blood from the body back to the heart for reoxygenation and the walls of veins a more thin and some veins also contain valves to ensure blood flow in one direction while arteries do not have valves because pressure from the heart is so strong that blood is only able to flow one way.
Distinguish between a thrombus and embolus.
A thrombus is a clot inside an unbroken blood vessel that is caused by blood flowing too slow, trauma, or infection and a thrombus may be able to dissolve on its own. An embolus is a blood clot that has been dislodged and is now traveling in the bloodstream.
Explain some ways to increase your blood pressure.
Possible Answers - Increase: Exercise increases blood pressure because the heart starts beating faster to circulate blood in order to deliver oxygen to your muscles. Stress can also increase your blood pressure because hormones get released which makes the heart beat quicker and your blood vessels become narrowed.
What two parts of the heart does the coronary sulcus border?
The coronary sulcus marks a border between the Atria and Ventricles
What is the scientific name, percent in blood, and function of platelets?
Thrombocytes, make up less than one percent of blood, platelets play a key role in blood clotting by helping weave a net across a cut or injury in order to stop the bleeding.
Distinguish between antigen and antibodies for Type A and Type B blood.
Type A has A antigens and anti-B antibodies. Type B has B antigens and anti-A antibodies.
What is the function of fibrinogen and fibrin in the clotting process?
Fibrinogen is a protein, specifically a clotting factor which is essential for proper blood clot formation. Fibrinogen then gets transformed into fibrin which is molecules then combine to form long fibrin threads that entangle platelets, building up a spongy mass that gradually hardens and contracts to form the blood clot.
Explain some ways to decrease your blood pressure.
Possible Answers - Decrease: Dehydration causes a decrease in blood pressure due to a decrease in blood volume which is the amount of fluid that circulates in your blood vessels and you need to maintain a normal blood volume in order for blood to reach all of your tissues.
Names the four different valves of the heart.
Aortic valve, Pulmonary Valve, Bicuspid Valve Tricuspid Valve.
What is another name for plasma, percent of blood, and function of plasma?
Plasma can also be called blood plasma, takes up 55 percent of blood, plasma transports blood cells throughout your body along with nutrients, waste products, oxygen, and proteins that help maintain the body’s fluid balance.
Distinguish between antigen and antibodies for Type AB and Type O blood.
Type AB blood has A and B antigens and does not make any antibodies. Type O blood does not have any antigens and makes anti-A and anti-B antibodies.
What is the function of prothrombin and thrombin in the slotting process?
Prothrombin is a protein made by the liver and it helps blood clot. Prothrombin also gets transformed into thrombin by a clotting factor and thrombin is a principal enzyme of hemostasis.
Distinguish between systolic and diastolic pressure.
Possible Answers - Systolic pressure (top number of the blood pressure reading) measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart beats. Diastolic pressure (bottom number of the blood pressure reading) measures the amount of pressure in your arteries when the heart rests between beats.
List the flow of blood through the heart, to the lungs, back to the heart, and out the aorta.
Inferior Vena Cava->Right Atrium->Right Ventricle->Pulmonary Trunk->Right&Left Pulmonary Artery->Lungs->Pulmonary Veins->Left Atrium->Left Ventricle->Atrium
What are the names of all 5 types of white blood cells?
Eosinophils, Neutrophils, Basophils, Monocytes, Lymphocytes.
Who can give blood to who and why?
Blood types can be given to each other if they have the same antigens if not their immune will trigger a response attacking the "foreign invaders".
types such as type A can give to A and AB
type B- Type B and AB
type AB-Types AB
type O-Type O, AB, B, A
What is hematopoiesis and where does it occur?
Hematopoiesis is the production of all of the cellular components of blood and blood plasma. It occurs within the hematopoietic system, which includes organs and tissues such as the bone marrow, liver, and spleen.