Health and Wellness
What are the levels of prevention?
Secondary: early diagnostics, but you're treating it
Tertiary:irreversible disease health problems-preventing further complications
Quaternary: protect from excessive medical intervention
what are strategies of health protection?
immunizations, fluoride water treatment, use of protective clothing in the healthcare setting, screenings
What is critical thinking vs clinical judgement?
Critical thinking: systematically evaluating information
Clinical judgement: specific application for best patient outcomes
Signs and behaviors of maltreatment
physical neglect: history and presenting injuries don't align
physical behavior: scared of parent, body language
emotional abuse/neglect: seen through sleep disorders
emotional behaviors: inappropriate behaviors
sexual abuse: UTI, STI
sexual behaviors: poor relationships with peers
domains of learning?
cognitive: understanding, Q&A
affect: attitude/feeling, role play
psychomotor: aciton, demonstration
Modifiable vs Non-modifiable Risk Factors
four types of ackley's nursing diagnosis
health promotion, problem focused, risk, syndrome
I: include client and caregiver
D: Discuss the 5 areas: meds, home life, warning signs, test results, follow up
E: educate the client on condition, discharge, and next steps
A: assess effectiveness of education
L: listen to the clients goals and preferences
3 characteristics of learning disabilities
lower intellectual ability, childhood onset, significant impairment of social functioning and adaption
what are some barriers to learning
What is the transtheoretical model?
pre-contemplation: not making a change
contemplation: thinking about change
preparation: plans to change behavior
action: implements changed behavior
maintenance: continues to live in changed behavior
termination: client stops change
PES?
problem
etiology
signs and symptoms
the assignment structure in the post-anesthesia care unit is three bays burners. What type of client assignment process is this?
area assignment
direct: 1-1 nurse client
area: short stay, assigned clients
group: nurse for a group
Difference between developmental and cognitive impairments
developmental: severe chronic/lifelong disabilities that are cognitive, physical or both. Ex: cerebral palsy, down syndrome, ADHD, autism
cognitive impairment/intellectual: before age of 18, limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior. Ex: dyslexia, speech impediment
what are the 3 teaching strategies
1: instruction
2: individual instruction
3: teach-back
a nurse in preparing to give a presentation to a group of clients in the community about Healthy People. The nurse knows that what should be included?
Goals and objectives for healthy habits
describe SMART goal, and is this one?
Patient will have a urine output of 500mL by tomorrow.
S: specific
M: measurable
A: achievable
R: reasonable
T: timely
NO- not specific time.
What is SOAP?
S: subjective
O: objective
A: assessment
P: plan
what are the different levels of autism?
1: high-functioning. social/communication skills are only visible with no support
2: substantial support: social/communication skills are still obvious even with support
3: very substantial support: social/communication skills are impairing daily life.
what are developmental factors that influence the education of patients
external: are there outside factors?
attention: pain and distractions
active participation: playing games
psychosocial: how they feel
In the scenario, the nurse ientifies that he client's blood pressure is elevated. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
a:Ask the client about a family history of high bp
b: recommend the client take an over-the-counter supplement to promote heart health.
c: refer the client for a follow-up with their primary care provider
a,c
what does designation of care continuum mean?
the resources provided to patients and education provided for discharge.
think about a situation in which a client might become abusive towards a nurse. Which of these strategies should the nurse use to stay safe?
- speak calmly
- authoritative tone
- restrain client
- keep barrier between nurse and client
- speak calmly
- keep barrier between nurse and client
2 years: walk up and down stairs
2.5: stand on one foot
15 months: build a tower with blocks
what are some undesired consequences of health education
non-compliance, repeat admission, increased cost- financial and physiological, negative health outcomes, increased health conditions