Development
A nurse has accepted a position on a pediatric unit and is learning about psychosocial development. Place Erikson's stages of psychosocial development in order from birth to adolescence.
A nurse is caring for a client during the first trimester of pregnancy. After reviewing the client's blood work, the nurse notices she does not have immunity to rubella. Which of the following times should the nurse understand is recommended for rubella immunization?
Shortly after giving birth
A nurse in a hospital is caring for a client who is at 38 weeks of gestation and has a large amount of painless, bright red vaginal bleeding. The client is placed on a fetal monitor indicating a regular fetal heart rate of 138/min and no uterine contractions. The client's vital signs are: blood pressure 98/52 mm Hg, heart rate 118/min, respiratory rate 24/min, and temperature 36.4° C (97.6° F). What is the priority nursing action?
Initiate IV access
A nurse is assessing a 10-year-old child with a moderate intellectual disability. The child’s parents express concerns about their child’s ability to make decisions independently. The nurse should explain that children with moderate intellectual disabilities typically demonstrate what characteristics?
A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who has croup and wet the bed overnight. When the parents visit the next day, the nurse explains the situation and one of the parents says, "She never wets the bed at home. I am so embarrassed." What response should the nurse make?
"It is expected for children who are hospitalized to regress. The toileting skills will return when your child is feeling better."
A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance about child development to the parents of a preschooler. What kind of play is expected of a preschooler?
imaginary play
A nurse is caring for a client who is at 6 weeks of gestation with her first pregnancy and asks the nurse when she can expect to experience quickening.
4-5 months
A nurse is caring for a client who is a primigravida, at term, and having contractions but is stating that she is "not really sure if she is in labor or not." What should the nurse recognize as a sign of true labor?
cervix dilation
A nurse is assessing an infant with Down syndrome and notices several characteristic physical features, including a flat facial profile, upward slanting eyes, and a small mouth. The nurse knows that children with Down syndrome are at increased risk for what conditions?
A school nurse is assessing a child for pediculosis capitis. What manifestation should the nurse recognize as an indication of this condition?
Firmly attached white particles on the hair
A nurse is assessing the puberty development of a 13-year-old girl. She notes the presence of breast buds and sparse pubic hair. Based on this observation, which of the following Tanner stages corresponds to these findings?
Tanner Stage II (Beginning of puberty)
A nurse is caring for a client who has a positive pregnancy test. The nurse is teaching the client about common discomforts in the first trimester of pregnancy as well as warning signs of potential danger. The nurse should instruct the client to call the clinic if she experiences which manifestation?
facial edema
A nurse is caring for a client who is in labor and has an external fetal monitor. The nurse observes late decelerations on the monitor strip and interprets them as indicating what?
Uteroplacental insufficiency
A nurse is teaching the parents of a child with Down syndrome about early interventions that may improve the child's developmental outcomes. What intervention is most commonly recommended for children with Down syndrome in the early years?
Early speech and language therapy
A 7-year-old child with asthma presents to the clinic with increased wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. The child’s mother reports that the symptoms have been worsening over the past 2 days, despite using the prescribed albuterol inhaler. What is the most appropriate next step in the nursing management of this child?
Administer a dose of oral corticosteroids as prescribed and schedule a follow-up appointment.
A nurse is assessing the pubertal development of a 15-year-old boy. He has noticeable enlargement of the testes, a deepening of the voice, and increased muscle mass. Based on these findings, which Tanner stage is the boy most likely in?
Tanner Stage III (Development of secondary sexual characteristics)
A nurse is completing a health history for a client who is at 6 weeks of gestation. The client informs the nurse that she smokes one pack of cigarettes per day. The nurse should advise the client that smoking places the client’s newborn at risk for which complication?
IUGR
A nurse in the labor and delivery unit is caring for a client who is undergoing external fetal monitoring. The nurse observes that the fetal heart rate begins to slow after the start of a contraction and the lowest rate occurs after the peak of the contraction. What action should the nurse take first?
Place the client in the lateral position.
A nurse is caring for a newborn diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot, a congenital heart defect. The infant is experiencing cyanosis and has a history of difficulty feeding. What intervention is the most appropriate to manage the infant’s symptoms while awaiting surgical correction?
Provide frequent, small feedings with a high-calorie formula to reduce the work of feeding.
A 3-year-old child is diagnosed with bacterial meningitis. The child presents with a high fever, irritability, and a bulging fontanel. The nurse is preparing to administer the prescribed antibiotics. What action is the most critical priority before initiating the antibiotic therapy?
Start a broad-spectrum antibiotic as soon as possible, without waiting for CSF results.
You are caring for a 5-year-old child who is recovering from surgery. The child is anxious and has difficulty expressing their feelings. What intervention would be most effective in addressing the child's emotional needs during the recovery process?
Provide a comfort item, such as a favorite toy or blanket, to help reduce anxiety.
When does implantation occur?
6-10 days after conception
What is ballottement?
Ballottement is the passive movement of the fetus when the examiner performs a vaginal examination and gently pushes on the fetus with a fingertip.
A 4-year-old child is diagnosed with Fragile X syndrome. The nurse knows that the child is at an increased risk for what behavioral characteristics commonly seen in this condition?
Strong tendency to withdraw from social situations and engage in repetitive behaviors
A 4-year-old child is diagnosed with Kawasaki disease and is being treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy. The nurse is monitoring for potential complications. What finding is most concerning and should prompt immediate notification of the healthcare provider?
The child has new-onset tachycardia and a heart murmur.