Foot & Toes
What is another name for retrocalcaneal bursitis?
pump bump
What is the most common ligament damaged with a lateral ankle sprain?
ATFL
anterior talofibular ligament
What are the 4 major ligaments of the knee? Not just the abbreviations.
medial collateral
lateral collateral
anterior cruciate
posterior cruciate
What are the 3 bones that make up the pelvis?
ilium, ischium, pubis
no plantar flexion
Explain plantar fasciitis. (causes, care)
causes: inflammation of the plantar fascia, overuse, shoe support, foot type, tight calf.
Care: roll out, night splint, stretching, shoe support, arch taping, rest
The compression test is testing the ______ between the tibia and fibula.
syndesmosis
What is a typical MOI for a MCL injury? What special test is used to diagnose? What is a positive sign?
direct blow laterally causing valgus force, valgus stress test, p! and laxity
The Thomas test test for ______.
The SLR test tests for _____.
tight hip flexors
tight hamstrings/glutes
What is laxity?
extra/excess movement give within the ligament upon testing
What is a subungual hematoma? When and how do you treat this?
blood under toenail
12-24 hours drain blood
What is the medical name for shin splints? Where does the pain typically occur?
medial tibial stress syndrome
distal 2/3 of the tibia
Why are females at a higher risk for ACL tears than males?
wider hips, greater Q angle, ACL size and general laxity
Piriformis syndrome is when the piriformis muscle is compressing the _______.
sciatic nerve
What is myositis ossificans?
bone cell formation within the muscle tissue
What is turf toe? What is the typical mechanism of injury?
sprain of the 1st metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint
big toe hyperextension
What is compartment syndrome? How many compartments are there? Is it acute or chronic? If conservative measures do not work, how is it treated?
increased pressure in one of the 4 compartments
could be either
fasciotomy
With a meniscal tear, what are the two types of surgeries? Which one takes longer to heal from?
menisectomy vss. repair
repair
How would a fractured femur look vs. a hip dislocation?
Fx- rotated outward and shortened
dislocation-flexed, ADD, IR
What is the difference between osgood schlatters and larsen johansson disease?
bony growth during adolescent years
larsen-inferior pole of patella
osgood- tibial tubercle
What is morton's neuroma and where does it typically occur?
enlargement of a nerve bundle
between 3-4th metatarsal head
Explain the difference between a medial vs. lateral ankle sprain?
Identify the special tests used to diagnose these two injuries.
What ligaments are damaged in each injury?
eversion v. inversion
eversion- reverse talar tilt
inversion- ant drawer, talar tilt
eversion- deltoid
inversion- ATFL, CFL, PTFL
What is chondromalacia patella? Is this typically chronic or acute?
wear and tear of cartilage on the posterior aspect of the patella
chronic
What is slipped capital femoral epiphysis?
epiphysis slips due to weakness of growth plate
What is osteitis pubis?
inflammation of the pubic symphysis