Disease
These two vessels join together to form the main artery(basilar artery) that feeds the brain stem.
Vertebral Arteries
What does TIA stand for?
Transient Ischemic Attack
This behavioral risk factor for strokes has a simple, one word preventative treatment: Quit.
Smoking
In the carotid system this vessel is considered to have a high resistive waveform.
External carotid artery
What transducer frequency is used for transcranial Doppler?
2MHz
Which artery waveform has the same characteristics to the vertebral artery?
ICA
This is the term used to describe an ischemic brain injury that shows neurologic effects for longer than 24 hours but ultimately completely reverses.
RIND Reverible Ischemic Neurological Deficit
This is the most common surgical treatment of significant carotid artery stenosis caused by plaque.
Carotid endarterectomy
This type of waveform has relatively high diastolic flow velocities and no reversal component.
Low resistive waveform
What is the first branch off the ICA?
Ophthalmic artery
A Carotid Body Tumor will be between which two arteries?
ECA and ICA
What is the term for difficulty with swallowing?
Dysphagia (G)
According to the NASCET criteria what would the PSV be if the ICA had a >70% stenosis?
>230 cm/s
This swirling and twirling of flow is often seen in the immediate post stenotic region.
Turbulence
Anyone Can Answer! This group will get to pick another questions after!
Get a piece of paper
Draw the circle of Willis with the 7 labeled arteries we know!
What is the most prevalent type of stroke?
An Ischemic Stroke
What is a nonatherosclerotic disease that usually affects media of arterial wall in medium sized arteries. Predominantly occurs in renal arteries and in midsegment of ICA.
FMD- Fibromuscular Dysplasia
This important systemic risk factor for stroke increases the potential energy in the entire vascular system and can be controlled with medication and lifestlye changes.
Hypertension
What artery shows the "bunny rabbit" waveform, and what does that tell us?
Vertebral Artery, early signs of subclavian steal
What two findings will we see with Subclavian Steal?
Retrograde flow in the Vertebral Artery and >20mmHg between arms
Where is the most common (1) location for atherosclerosis to occur in the cerebrovascular system?
Carotid bulb
What is the term used to describe transient blindness either partial or complete usually caused by an embolism to the ophthalmic artery?
Amaurosis fugax
What could we measure when performing a carotid exam that could predict early atherosclerosis on patients?
Carotid IMT
The patient has unilateral decreased Peak systolic velocities. What do you suspect?
Proximal Occlusion
What is the largest branch off the vertebral artery?
PICA posterior inferior cerebellar artery