First Aid & Triage
What body part must a nurse check and protect first when a burn victim arrives at the hospital?
The airway
Why do burn patients need huge meal portions instead of a diet?
Their body needs extra calories and protein as fuel to heal
What dangerous condition happens when tight swelling inside a wrapped leg cuts off blood flow?
Compartment syndrome
What is the main IV liquid given to burn patients to stop shock?
Lactated Ringer's solution
What is the primary drug of choice given intravenously to burn patients to help relieve severe pain?
Opioids (like morphine)
What sign on a patient's nose or face tells you they breathed in smoke?
Singed nose hairs or black soot
What vitamin helps skin heal and make collagen?
Vitamin C
When checking a wrapped limb for good blood flow, name any two of the "6 Ps".
Pain, Pulses, Pallor, Paresthesia, Paralysis, or Poikilothermia.
Over how many hours is the first half of the Parkland fluid given?
The first 8 hours
If a burn patient develops high blood sugar from the major stress of their injury, what medication is given to bring it down?
Insulin (sliding-scale insulin)
Using the Rule of Nines, what is the total burn percentage for a front torso (18%) plus a whole leg (18%) and half a leg (9%)?
45%
Should you give pain pills before or after changing painful burn dressings and eating meals?
Before meals
Should a burn patient's room be kept cold or warm to stop them from freezing?
Warm (around 30°C to 32°C)
When a burn patient's blood pressure drops and they stop making urine, what dangerous medical shock are they entering?
Burn shock
What is the name of the special feeding tube that might be started if a burn patient cannot eat enough food by mouth?
An enteral feeding tube
In the quick patient history check called AMPLE, what does the letter A stand for?
About how many months does it take for raised burn scars to flatten and fade?
12 to 18 months
Before moving a burn patient to another hospital, should you put wet ice on them or cover them with dry sheets?
Cover with dry sterile sheets
How many milliliters of urine per hour should a normal adult burn patient produce at minimum?
30 to 50 mL per hour
Why are patients given high-dose vitamin and mineral supplements (like Vitamin C and Zinc) after a burn?
To help repair tissue and heal wounds faster
What is the name of the tiny camera tool doctors use to look down into a patient's breathing tubes?
A bronchoscope
Where do people in North Bay go first for emergency burn care?
North Bay Regional Health Centre (NBRHC) Emergency Department
What is the name of the white antibacterial cream commonly put on burns to kill germs?
Silver sulfadiazine
What is the name of the famous medical formula used to calculate how much IV fluid a burn patient needs in the first 24 hours?
The Parkland formula (or Baxter formula)
What classification of medication is sometimes ordered alongside pain pills to help calm a patient's severe anxiety?
Benzodiazepines