Cardio
You’re working with a patient who has a heart rate of 70 BPM and a stroke volume of 80 mL per beat. What is their cardiac output in liters?
5.6 L
CO = HR x SV = 70 x 80 = 5600 mL = 5.6 L
Is ARDS a restrictive or obstructive disease?
Restrictive
Normal heart rate for an adult is between __-__ and __-__ for children
Adult: 60-100
Child: 80-100
What does the Berg assess?
Static/dynamic balance and fall risk in the older population
What is tidal volume?
Air inhaled during quiet breathing
After working with a patient following a period of immobility, their RBC formation has decreased. Due to this decrease in RBC formation, are they more at risk for anemia or polycythemia?
Anemia
Aside from the diaphragm, what is the other primary inspiratory muscle?
External intercostals
Tachypnea is defined as greater than __ breaths per minute
20
True or false. A LOWER score on the AMPAC IMSF indicates a greater severity of functional impairment.
True
What is functional residual capacity?
Volume in the lungs after a passive exhalation
ERV + RV
What is hypovolemia?
Critical loss of intravascular volume
What is the purpose of an ECMO machine?
Oxygenate blood outside of the body
Orthostatic hypotension is a drop in __ mmHg of systolic BP and __ mmHg of diastolic BP with positional changes
Systolic: 20 mmHG
Diastolic: 10 mmHG
What is the maximum score of the Berg Balance Scale?
56
Vital capacity is equal to ERV + IRV + ___?
Tidal volume
You’re working with a patient and notice their hemoglobin level is 6.1 g/dL. Which of the following is the patient NOT at risk of? Fatigue, blood clots, orthostatic hypotension, or arrhythmias.
Blood clots (risk if hemoglobin levels are too HIGH)
What are the three stages of ARDS?
Exudative, proliferative, fibrotic
A doctor should be consulted immediately if your patient is experiencing a hypertensive crisis, or a systolic BP of >___mmHg and/or a diastolic BP of >___ mmHg
Systolic: 180 mmHg
Diastolic: 120 mmHg
You’re working with a patient who scores a 25 on the Berg Balance Scale. Are they a low, medium, or high fall risk?
Medium
High: 0-20
Medium: 21-40
Low: 41-56
A comfortable breath is typically how many milliliters?
500 ml
You’re evaluating a patient after a 5 day period of immobility. How would you expect the patient’s stroke volume, heart rate, and blood volume to differ from their levels prior to their period of immobility?
Stroke volume: decreased
Heart rate: increased
Blood volume: decreased
How does a restrictive lung disease affect residual volume, vital capacity, and total lung volume?
Residual volume: minor decrease
Vital capacity: decreased
Total lung volume: decreased
You are assessing the vital signs of your 70 year old patient. You find a heart rate of 120 bpm, a respiratory rate of 18 breaths per minute, and a blood pressure of 118/78. Which finding is abnormal?
Heart rate (normal is 60-100)
You’re working with a patient that scores a 13/24 on the AMPAC IMSF. Based on this score alone, is it safe to discharge the patient home?
No - 16/24 is the cutoff score
A patient’s IC is 4000 mL. Which of the following would be the MOST representative of their VC? 1000, 3000, or 5000 mL?
5000 mL