Properties of matter
What are 2 basic properties you can observe without changing a substance?
color and shape
size and texture
Is melting ice a physical or chemical change?
physical change
What force pulls objects toward the Earth?
gravity
What is the first step in the engineering design process?
ask a question or identify the problem
What causes day and night?
Earth's rotation
What state of matter takes up the shape of its container but keeps its volume.
liquid
What type of change creates a new substance?
Chemical change
What force slows down things when they rub together?
friction
What do engineers do after they build a model?
test it
What phase is the moon in when it is fully lit up?
full moon
What measures how much matter is in an object?
Mass
Give 1 sign of a chemical change.
color change, gas, and heat
What happens to an object if all the forces are balanced?
The object stays still or moves at a constant speed
What is 1 way to improve a weak design?
Change materials, shape or structure
Why do we have seasons on Earth?
Earth's tilt and orbit around the sun
Which property could be used to identify an unknown substance?
A. Size
B. Shape
C. Density
D. Location
Density
What happens to the particles in a substance when it is heated?
A. They stop moving
B. They move slower
C. They move faster
D. They disappear
They move faster
Two students push identical boxes. One pushes harder than the other. What will happen and why?
The box that is pushed harder will move faster or farther because of greater force.
A student is asked to design a bridge using only paper and tape. The bridge must hold 5 books.
The problem is building a strong bridge.
The constraints are using only paper and tape and holding 5 books.
Why do we see different phases of the Moon?
A. Earth’s shadow covers the Moon
B. The Moon produces its own light
C. We see different amounts of sunlight reflected by the Moon
D. Clouds cover the Moon
We see different amounts of sunlight reflected by the Moon
If 2 objects have the same mass but different volumes which has the greater density?
The one with the smaller volume
A student mixes sand and water together. How could the student separate the sand from the water? Explain your reasoning.
The student could use a filter because sand is a solid and will stay in the filter while water passes through.
A student rolls a toy car across carpet and then across tile. The car travels farther on tile. Why?
friction
Explain how engineers use failure to improve their designs.
Engineers learn from what didn’t work and make changes to create a better solution.
A student notices that the Sun appears higher in the sky during summer than winter. Why does this happen?
Because of Earth’s tilt, different parts of Earth receive more direct sunlight during different times of the year.