Down Syndrome basics
What chromosome causes Down syndrome when there is extra genetic material?
Chromosome 21
How old is Henry?
14
What is one common sign of depression?
Persistent sadness or loss of interest
What does BA stand for?
Behavioral activation
Name one person who could support Henry’s recovery.
A parent, therapist, teacher, or other trusted support person
What are the three main genetic types of Down syndrome?
Trisomy 21, translocation, and mosaicism
What major family change happened before Henry’s symptoms began?
His older brother moved away to college
Name one change in Henry’s behavior that concerns his parents.
Social withdrawal, appetite loss, sleep changes, irritability, or weight loss
What is the main goal of behavioral activation?
Increase engagement in meaningful activities
Why might visual supports help Henry during therapy?
They can make information easier to understand and communicate
What does hypotonia mean?
Low muscle tone
Name one activity Henry used to enjoy.
Nintendo, unified sports, or community activities
What is the term for losing interest in activities once enjoyed?
Anhedonia
How can BA help someone who is withdrawing from others?
Gradually encourage activities and reduce avoidance
What is one way to help Henry express difficult feelings?
Use clear language, visual aids, extra time, or simple questions
Name one therapy that may support a child with Down syndrome.
Physical, occupational, or speech therapy
What school plan provides Henry with individualized educational support?
An IEP
Why is Henry’s loss of interest in Nintendo and sports concerning?
It is a change from his usual interests and behavior
How long after BA began did the adolescent show resolution of clinical depression?
Within six weeks
Why should a therapist consider medical causes of Henry’s weight loss?
Medical issues can affect appetite, mood, sleep, and behavior
Why can two people with Down syndrome have different abilities and support needs?
Genetics, health, environment, and individual experiences differ
Why might Henry become frustrated when communicating?
Others may not understand his speech or gestures
Why should a therapist not assume these symptoms are simply part of Down syndrome?
They may indicate a treatable mental health or medical concern
Who was involved in supporting the adolescent’s treatment in the article?
A multidisciplinary team and the adolescent’s parents
How do the two articles differ in the treatments they discuss?
One explores behavioral activation; the other examines SSRI medication