A-claims
E-claims
I-claims
O-claims
Wildcards!
100
Every planet is a large celestial object.
All planets are large celestial objects.
100
None of the Critical Thinking students are sixth graders.
No Critical Thinking students are sixth graders.
100
At least one water bottle is a container.
Some water bottles are containers.
100
Some dogs are not friendly.
Some dogs are not things-that-are-friendly.
100
List all the standard forms that correspond to A-claims, E-claims, I-claims, and O-claims.
All S are P
No S are P
Some S are P
Some S are not P
200
All brussels sprouts are disgusting.
All brussels sprouts are disgusting things.
200
None of the Critical Thinking instructors are squeamish.
No Critical Thinking instructors are squeamish people.
200
There are some chicken sandwiches that are spicy.
Some chicken sandwiches are things that are spicy.
200
This fly is not a tiger.
Some flies are not tigers.
200
Why isn't the following claim in standard form?
All metaphysicians are smart.
"Smart" is an adjective, which cannot be a category. Categories are expressed with nouns; the claim might look something like:
All metaphysicians are things-that-are-smart.
300
Only people 21 or over can enter this bar.
All people who can enter this bar are 21 or over.
300
There are no snakes in my boot.
No snakes are things in my boot.
300
A couple of my buddies play music.
Some people who are my buddies are people who play music.
300
A few students are not present.
Some students are not things-that-are-present.
300
Consider the following claim and its truth value:
Some medicines are helpful. [True]
List the three other corresponding claims and what their truth value would be given this claim.
All medicines are helpful. [Undefined]
No medicines are helpful. [False]
Some medicines are not helpful. [Undefined]
400
Consider the following claim:
The only cars that are worth buying are Toyotas.
Assume "cars that are worth buying" is represented by F and "Toyotas" is represented by G. Does this claim take the form "All F are G" or "All G are F"?
All F are G
400
Yvette is considering the following claim:
No circles are squares.
She wants to also suggest:
No squares are circles.
Is this a proper suggestion to make? Why or why not? Can this type of move always be made? Why or why not?
Yes: both statements happen to be true
No: subjects and predicates are fundamentally different, changing the order will change the meaning of the sentence
400
Consider the following claim:
Some veggies are green things.
Jimmy believes it follows from this claim that some veggies are also not green things. Is this the case?
No: an I-claim does not always guarantee its corresponding O-claim
400
Jeff wants to write the following claim in standard form in this way:
There are books that aren't novels.
Some novels are not books.
Did he make any mistakes?
Yes: he swapped the subject and predicate
400
Draw a Venn Diagram for the following claim:
Every thing is F.
One blank circle labeled F, non-circle area in the square shaded out
500
I got through grading the quizzes pretty quickly. Not only did the answer key help a lot, but there was not one student who didn't show effort on their quiz. My students are off to a good start!
All students are things-who-showed-effort
500
I was talking to Professor Novack, and he told me that he's really into anchovies on his pizza. I thought that was crazy! Surely there's no way that any anchovies are ending up on my slice. I have to make sure to order mine separate.
No anchovies are things-that-end-up-on-my-slice.
500
There are a lot of people out there who like to debate, but haven't practiced any debate skills. This becomes very evident when they make silly mistakes in their arguments. It just turns out that not everyone who claims to understand logic is actually a critical thinker. Maybe we should encourage those people to take Professor Novack's class.
Some people who claim to understand logic are people who are not critical thinkers.
500
Corporations contribute significantly to our climate crisis, but present themselves as environmentally friendly. Some are better than others, but it goes without doubt that there are corporations that claim to be environmentally friendly that are actually not environmentally responsible at all.
Some corporations that claim to be environmentally friendly are not things-that-are-environmentally-responsible.
500
Draw a Venn Diagram for the following claim:
All S are P.
