Trinitarian/Christological
Belief that the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are three characterizations of one God, rather than three distinct "persons" in one God.
What is sabellianism?
A sect which got its name from Seth, the third son of Eve and Adam, and also taught that the snake in the Garden of Eden (Satan) was an agent of the true God and brought knowledge of truth to man via the fall of man
What is Sethianism?
Famously a rival to the Catholic Church, this major Western Christian sect finds its roots in 16th century Germany and is the second most popular Christian denomination. Its initial success relied largely on the invention of the printing press.
What is Protestantism?
Belief that three, rather than four nails were used to crucify Christ and that a Roman soldier pierced him with a spear on the left, rather than right side.
What is triclavianism?
Haters called her a heretic and wanted her dead for crossdressing and supposedly acting under demonic influence, but today she is the patron saint of her country and one of the most famous Catholic saints of all time. This #girlboss was on a divine mission to save her country from the English & help some guy named Charlie VII get crowned king.
Who is Joan of Arc?
Belief that the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are three independent and distinct divine beings as opposed to three persons of one being and one essence
What is tritheism?
A major dualistic religion stating that good and evil are equally powerful, and that material things are evil, founded by the Iranian prophet Mani.
What is Manichaeism?
Members of this movement believe in a one-person God as opposed to the Trinity and Jesus as the first thing God created (as Michael the Archangel). Initially called Bible Students, this group renamed themselves in the 1930s based on a transliteration of the name YHWH, which was in line with their belief in the importance of using God's name during worship.
What are Jehovah's Witnesses?
Belief that original sin did not taint human nature and that mortal will is still capable of choosing good or evil without Divine aid.
What is pelagianism?
He surely wanted to see some heads roll! This European lawyer's crimes are longer than his name. One of the political factions he was associated with is the namesake of a popular socialist magazine. While he was central to bringing the monarchy to its knees and establishing the early foundations of his country's democratic government, as well as fighting for marginalized groups, things quickly went wrong as he turned on his allies in his hunger for power and was eventually executed by the same instrument he condemned so many others with.
Who is Maximilien Robespierre?
Belief that Jesus was born as a mere (non-divine) man, was supremely virtuous and that he was adopted later as "Son of God" by the descent of the Spirit on him.
What is adoptionism?
A major Gnostic Christian movement founded by Valentinus in the 2nd century, which involve belief of thirty heavenly archetypes known as Aeons, which form fifteen male/female pairs known as synergies, with the youngest being Sophia who stands at the center of this sect's particular belief system.
What is Valentinianism?
A central text in this religious movement is claimed to have been originally written on golden plates by prophets between 6th century BCE and 5th century CE in "Reformed Egyptian", a language which is not acknowledged by scholars outside this belief system. The founder of this movement claims to have been visited by the Angel Moroni, the last prophet to contribute to the plates before burying them, dying, and becoming the guardian of said plates in Western New York. This movement sees itself as restoring the early Christian church, and believes in a council of sorts known as the "Godhead" which includes three distinct divine personas: God the Father, Jesus, and the Holy Ghost.
What is Mormonism?
The belief that icons are idols and should be destroyed.
A collection of religious ideas and systems which coalesced in the late 1st century AD among Jewish and early Christian sects. These various groups emphasized personal spiritual knowledge above the orthodox teachings, traditions, and authority of religious institutions.
What is Gnosticism?
Belief that the Trinity consists of the Father, Son, and Mary and that the son is a result of marital union between the other two.
What is collyridianism?
A Christian Gnostic sect that believed the serpent who tempted Adam and Eve was a hero, and that the God who forbade Adam and Eve to eat from the tree of knowledge is the enemy.
Who were the Ophites?
The belief that civil authority – often the State's authority (originally that of the King of France) – over the Catholic Church is comparable to that of the Pope
What is Gallicanism?
Belief that Jesus Christ had two natures but only one will. This is contrary to the orthodox interpretation of Christology, which teaches that Jesus Christ has two wills (human and divine) corresponding to his two natures
What is monothelitism?
A belief that outlines the existence of two supreme, yet diametrically opposed powers or sets of divine/demonic beings that caused the world to exist. Alternatively, a moral or spiritual belief that two diametrically opposed yet equally fundamental concepts exist in regards to a particular theology/belief system.
What is dualism?
Belief that Jesus' physical body was an illusion, as was his crucifixion; that is, Jesus only seemed to have a physical body and to physically die, but in reality he was incorporeal, a pure spirit, and hence could not physically die.
What is docetism?
A sect which claimed to have received their doctrines by Mariamne, a disciple of James the Just. Much of what is known about them comes from the writings Hippolytus of Rome, including their belief of three classes of man: the Bound, which include heathens captive under the dominion of matter, the Called, which include ordinary Christians, and the Elect, which include the few chosen of this particular sect.
Who were the Naassenes?
An 18th century German movement directed towards the nationalizing of Catholicism, the restriction of the power of the papacy in favor of that of the episcopate, and the reunion of the dissident churches with Catholic Christendom
What is Febronianism?
Belief that God has human form (anthropomorphism) and that one ought to celebrate Jesus' death during the Jewish Passover (quartodecimanism).
What is Audianism?
An originator of heretical doctrine or a founder of a sect that preaches heretical doctrine.
What is a heresiarch?