Compromises
The compromise of 1850 involved which state joining the union as a free state?
California
Who was elected president in 1860?
Abraham Lincoln
who was elected President in 1860, running on a strong anti-slavery platform?
Abraham Lincoln
what year did the civil war start?
1861
Which side of the Civil War did Missouri fight for?
The Union. Missouri was one of four slave states that stayed loyal to the Union, known as the Border States
The compromise of 1850 enforced the Fugitive Slave Act. What did it offer northerners in return?
the admission of California as a free state. This was especially important, because it meant there would be more free states (16) than slave states (15)
How many people were running for President in 1860? (between 2-4)
4. The fact that there were four parties during this election, not only two, indicated how disunited America was becoming...
What crime did John Brown commit in 1859?
He raided a federal arsenal in Harper's Ferry, Virginia. His plan was to use these weapons to provoke a slave rebellion.
Which territory (later a state) became know as the "bleeding" state because of the Kansas and Nebraska Act?
Kansas. The phrase "Bleeding Kansas" refers to the time before the civil war in which Kansas was going through its own civil war between pro slavery and abolitionist militias.
What state was Abraham Lincoln from?
Illinois
What decision did the Kansas and Nebraska Act of 1854 make about slavery in these territories?
The decision reached was that it would be up to the people of those territories to vote to become free or slave states. This is know as Popular Sovereignty
Stephen Douglas. They were both campaigning to become one of the Senators of Illinois. Even though Douglas won, the debates helped Lincoln a lot because Republicans across America started to pay attention to him. These debates would enable him to win the Republican nomination for president two years later...
who was Dred Scott
a former slave whose master had brought him into the free state of Illinois. The question at stake was whether or not a slave became free when he was brought into a state in which slavery was illegal.
a) the Fugitive Slave Act
b) the Kansas and Nebraska act
c) John Brown's raid
d) the election of Abraham Lincoln
a) the Fugitive Slave Act: this act forced northerners, most of whom believed slavery was immoral, to capture and return escaped slaves who crossed their land
Where is Dred Scott buried?
St Louis
What decision did the Supreme Court reach about Dred Scott?
They declared that he was still a slave. According to their logic, a slave would remain in bondage anywhere in the United States. This meant that, in effect, no state could prevent slavery happening in their territory.
What happened to the Democratic party after they nominated a northern Democrat, Stephen Douglas for the Presidency in 1860?
Southern Democrats left the party to form their own southern party, with their own new nominee. This split the Democratic party, and ensured that neither of these two groups would gain enough votes to win the election.
Who was James Buchanan?
The president of the United States immediately before Lincoln (1857-1861). Known as one of the weakest and ineffective presidents in our nation's history, he did nothing but wring his hands when southern states began to secede at the end of 1860.
which of the following outraged Southerners most of all?
a) the Fugitive Slave act
b) the Kansas and Nebraska Act
c) the Dred Scott decision
d) John Brown's raid
d) John Brown's raid. It convinced many Southerners that Northerners were no better than terrorists who would resort to bloodshed and violence to free their slaves
What was the underground railway?
A series of safehouses run by abolitionists to smuggle slaves out of the south, and north to Canada where they would be beyond the reach of the Fugitive Slave Act. The underground railway was not literally underground, and it wasn't literally a railroad. The name indicates the secret and illegal nature of the venture.
Who were the Border Ruffians, and what was their goal?
Border Ruffians were pro slavery militias, usually from Missouri, who came over to Kansas after the Kansas and Nebraska Act of 1854.Their goal was to make sure Kansas voted to become a slave state. They were willing to kill any anti-slavery settlers they found there, provoking a mini civil war in Kansas.
Describe Abraham Lincoln's policy toward slavery while he was running for President in the autumn of 1860
Lincoln ran on a platform that opposed the expansion of slavery into new territories and states. However, he promised he would not interfere with slavery in the states where it already existed. This policy changed gradually over the first half of his presidency.
Who was Henry Clay, and what was his contribution to these events?
Clay was an influential senator from Kentucky, who originally proposed the compromise of 1850. He was the one who pushed for California to become a free state, provided the Fugitive Slave Act was passed
Who fired the first shot of the Civil War, and where was it fired?
The South. The first shot was fired at Fort Sumpter in South Carolina. Lincoln refused to evacuate the fort, which provoked the South to attack it, and force the Union troops to surrender. But this short bombardment marked the beginning of four years of war...
Henry Ward Beecher, an abolitionist preacher from New York, sent crates full of rifles to Kansas to help the anti-slavery forces fight the mini civil war against the border ruffians. What did he label these crates, to ensure they would get by customs officials?
The crates were labeled "Bibles". These became known as "Beecher's Bibles"