Food web/chain
What is the difference between omnivores, carnivores, herbivores, and detritivores.
Omnivores eat both plants and meat, while carnivores only eat meat, herbivores only eat plants and detritivores only eat dead organic materials.
What is photosynthesis?
The process where plants use sunlight to make food from carbon dioxide and water. Usually it generates oxygen as a byproduct
What is aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
These are two types of respiration. Aerobic needs oxygen in order to function, anaerobic does not.
What is the carbon cycle?
What is a trophic level?
A group of organisms united by getting their energy from the same part of a food web.
What is a tertiary consumer?
An Animal that gets its nutrition by eating primary consumers or secondary consumers. Usually these are predators and are primarily carnivorous or omnivorous.
How does photosynthesis store energy in an organic compound?
When light energy converts chemical energy it is stored in the molecular bonds of the organic compounds.
What are the basic functions of anaerobic and aerobic respiration?
Aerobic: a process that uses oxygen to turn it into fuel. (ex. fats and sugars turn into chemical energy)
Anaerobic: a similar process that does not need oxygen to complete the process
What is the water cycle?
The movement of water through the environment from the atmosphere to earth and back.
What are primary consumers?
Heterotrophs that eat primary producers. AKA herbivores
What would happen if a food web is disrupted?
Essentially the food chain breaks. If one piece of the food web is no longer a part of it, the other participants in the web will not get the nutrients they need.
In what organelle does photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur?
Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts
Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria
What are the reactants and products of fermentation?
It uses glucose (reactant) anaerobically to produce a molecule of lactic acid, one molecule of ethanol, and one molecule of carbon dioxide
What is the nutrient cycles?
Natural processes that recycle nutrients in various chemical forms from the nonliving environment to living organisms and then back to the nonliving environment.
What are primary producers?
They make their own food (autotrophs)
How does energy pass through a food web or energy pyramid?
Energy begins with autotrophs/ producers which make their own organic molecules. (their energy typically comes from natural substances such as light) Then consumers/heterotrophs eat these producers in order to gain their energy.
What are the reactants and products of photosynthesis?
Products: glucose(sugar), oxygen and water
Why are photosynthesis and cellular respiration important to the carbon cycle?
These processes are the reason the carbon cycle is able to function. Cellular respiration releases carbon dioxide into the environment, while photosynthesis pulls carbon out of the atmosphere.
What does transpiration mean?
Evaporation of water from a plant.
How much energy on average is passed from one energy level to the next?
Energy decreases as it moves up in trophic levels, usually only 10% is moved up. To determine energy in a trophic level, you divide the amount of energy from the higher trophic level by the amount in the lower trophic level and multiply by 100.
Describe the process of cellular respiration?
Cellular respiration converts oxygen and glucose into water and carbon dioxide. The byproduct of this is ATP.
What is a decomposer?
They feed on waste products or dead bodies of organisms. Largely responsible for for the recycling of materials within an ecosystem. They break down organic matter into inorganic components that primary producers can absorb.