Nutritional Therapy
The small intestine is split up into what 3 parts?
Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum
The semi-fluid mixture that forms in the stomach is called?
Chyme
What does ABCDEF stand for in primary assessment of a trauma patient?
Airway
Breathing
Circulation and bleeding
Disability
Expose affected area
Foley (if needed)
What is the range of normal BUN values?
The nurse would suggest which oral or enteral feedings for which patient?
a)a patient with a GI obstruction
b)a patient that is severely malnourished
c)a patient who has been NPO for 36 hours
d)a patient experiencing intractable vomiting
b) a patient that is severely malnourished
What is the purpose of bile production?
Emulsifies fats- fosters absorption
Le Forte II is what type of facial fracture?
pyramidal separation
What is a possible cause of prerenal acute renal failure?
Sudden and severe drop in blood pressure (shock) or interruption of blood flow to the kidneys from severe injury or illness.
How often should open system enteral feedings be changed?
Every 24 hours
Name 3 risk factors for peptic ulcer disease
Smoking
Helicobacter Pylori bacteria
Drugs: NSAIDs, amino salicylic acid (ASA), steroids
Alcohol
Name 3 risk factors for a heat related illness.
age
hx of heat related illness
pre-existing medical condition
sleep deprivation
overmotivation
inadequate acclimatization
clothing or protective equipment
lack of water
How is rhabdomyolisis treated?
Hydration
IV fluids with sodium bicarbonate
Vomiting
Abdominal distention
Complaints of discomfort
High NG output
High GVR
Diarrhea
Reduced passage of flatus and stool
What is a Mallory-Weiss tear caused by?
Arterial hemorrhage
forceful retching
Long-term NSAIDs or aspirin
Excessive alcohol
How does fresh water affect the lungs?
Fresh water wipes out surfactant causing lungs to collapse.
Name 2 indications for CRRT
Multiple organ dysfunction
Sepsis
Acute Renal Failure
Inability to tolerate hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis
Carbohydrates
Fats
Protein
Water
Electrolytes
Vitamins
Trace Elements
What are 3 types of tubes that can be used in treatment of variceal bleeding?
Sengstaken-Blakemore tube
Minnesota tube
Linton tube
A patient comes in with a rib fracture. What is the most likely associated injury to this patient?
Pulmonary contusion
Pneumothorax
Hemothorax
Name the 2 tests used to confirm hypocalcemia in a patient.
Chvostek and Trousseau test