Monarchy
The king who's assassination led to the end of the the Roman Monarchy.
Who is L. Tarquinius Superbus?
This "fight" is what spurred from tensions between the patricians and the plebeians, and maybe even lead to some plebeian successions. It ended around 287 BCE with the Lex Hortensia. Thanks Servius Tullius for setting up these social classes.
What is the Conflict of the Orders?
The two "growing pains" that the Roman Republic faced after the three Punic Wars.
What are provincial administration and border guarding? (or something similar)
A decree of a state of emergency by one of the political bodies in Rome. One was declared to "deal with" Gaius Sempronius Gracchus, and led to his death.
What is a senatus consultum ultimum?
He pushed his brother off of a hill, or possibly a wall, the reason we don't have a city named "Reme" in Italy.
Who is Romulus?
Legend has it, that there were only this many kings of Rome between 753-509 BCE. Unlikely, because they would have had to live a long, long time. According to Mackay, it's probably all just rationalization...
What is 7?
This role on the cursus honorum was not voted on, and didn't have term limits. It was chosen by a consul from living previous consuls, and was done under the shadow of night.
What is dictator?
The hill of Rome associated with the common people, where Gaius Sempronius Gracchus sought refuge on and eventually died on.
What is the Aventine Hill?
"The power vested by the state in an individual to do what he considers to be in the best interest of the state".
What is imperium?
The man that prosed land reform as a way to solve the increasing social, economic, and military contentions in Rome.
Who is Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus?
This group of people was so influential on Roman architecture and religion. They even provided the last three kings of Rome!
Who are the Etruscans?
A new social order, meaning new men, appeared during the early Republic. They had money, but they weren't a part of the patres (Romulus' original buddies) or the other old, powerful, Roman families.
What is the novi homines?
One result of the three Punic Wars.
What is Rome gaining lots of land/enslavement of the Carthaginians and destruction of Carthage/influx of significant wealth from war spoils/massive disparity in Roman economic classes?
The group of men who created the Twelve Tables.
Who were the decemviri?
Her father took his sword to her, saving her from her fate as a slave for one of the authors of the Twelve Tables. Often cited as a reason for the 2nd Plebeian Succession.
This body confers kingship and ratifies the decision of the Roman monarch, but don 't confuse it with the group chosen by Romulus to advise the king.
What is the curiae?
Assemblies in the Roman Republic were't inherently equal, because they required this from a person, limiting the voices of poor Romans and those who did not live in Rome.
What is physical presence?
The reform proposed by Gaius Sempronius Gracchus that failed.
What is the proposed Roman citizenship for Italian allies?
A possible result of the 1st Plebeian Succession. It declares the holiness of the body of the Tribune of the Plebs, protecting them from assault and murder. If only it worked for the Gracchi...
What is sacrosanctitas?
The man that fought in Zama during the second Punic War and became a famous Roman general, even taking up an agnomen that described where he won his most famous battle.
Who is Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus?
We may not know exactly how Romulus died, but we do believe that he was heavily associated with this god after his death.
Who is Quirinus?
The ~30 Latin communities that were included in the foedus Cassianum may not have gotten the right to Roman citizenship and voting power, but they did get these three things.
What are conbium (marriage rights), commercium (the right to have property and enforce contracts between cities), and ius migrationis (the right to move between cities)?
The deaths of the Gracchi brothers led to this being used as a political tool throughout the rest of the Roman Republic.
What is violence?
The ultimate symbols of authority for Roman magistrates that granted those who held the symbols access to capital and corporal punishment. Sometimes they had axe heads, but not when inside the pomerium.
What are the fasces?
The Roman historian who wrote the text Ab Urbe Condita. He's the reason we think we know so much about the Roman monarchy, the early, and middle Republic!
Who is Titus Livius?