Cerebrovascular
Arises from the circle of Willis and travels anteriorly/rostrally in the longitudinal fissure along the midsagittal surface of the brain. Follows along the corpus collosum. Provides blood supply to the orbital and medial frontal lobe, medial parietal lobe and parts of the basal ganglia and internal capsule
What is the Anterior Cerebral Artery?
About 80 percent of all cases. Occur due to an obstruction within a blood vessel supplying blood to the brain. Blood flow to a region falls below a critical level to maintain cellular function and to remove waste. Cells begin to die and an infarct develops
What is Ischemic stroke?
One's knowledge about their own memory abilities.
What is Meta-memory?
Sustained Top-down attention processes directed toward contralateral visual field.
What is Dorsal attention?
Caused by damage to Wernicke’s or surrounding areas. Usually, damage or lesion in the inferior division of the MCA which perfuses the posterior language areas
What is Wernicke’s aphasia?
Provides collateral circulation in the case of vascular insufficiency. Meant to be an anastomotic point that serves to equalize the vascular blood supply to both sides of the brain
What is the Circle of Willis
Minor or warning strokes. Conditions indicative of an ischemic stroke are present. Temporary, the obstruction (blood clot) occurs for a short time (2 min to 24 hours) and tends to resolve itself.
What is Transient Ischemic Attack?
The ability to remember how to do something (even if you can't explain it to someone else). Type of nondeclarative memory.
What is Procedural memory?
When you focus even when distractions are present (ignoring distractions)
What is Selective attention?
Sensory- affects sight and hearing,
Motor-intentional- trouble initiating movement,
Combination of sensory and motor,
Conceptual- even in memory image is incomplete
What are the four main types of neglect syndrome?
Branches off the Basilar artery. Supplies blood to the anterior and inferior temporal lobe and inferior and medial occipital lobe. Provides blood supply to structures such as the inferior temporal gyri, hippocampus, visual cortex
What is the Posterior Cerebral Artery?
Accounts for about 20 percent of stroke cases. Results from a weakened vessel that ruptures and bleeds into the surrounding brain. The blood accumulates and compresses the surrounding brain tissue. Often occur during activity or exertion. Sudden onset of severe headache with rapid alteration of consciousness.
What is Hemorrhagic stroke?
Explicit, conscious memories that can be either semantic (fact-based) or episodic (experience-based).
What is Declerative memory?
Attention to the unexpected but relevant stimuli. Bottom-up attention processes for salient, distinctive, or relevant stimuli.
What is Ventral attention network?
Usually caused by a lesion effecting the entire branch of the MCA meaning that superior and inferior branches of the MCA are impacted.
What is Global aphasia?
A direct continuation of the internal carotid artery. After leaving the circle of Willis, it runs laterally and emerges through the lateral fissure (sylvian fissure). Supplies blood to most of the lateral surface of the brain. Includes areas important for speech and language and areas of the pre- and post-central gyrus
What is the Middle Cerebral Artery?
Involve deep, subcortical, small arteries of the basal ganglia, or thalamus. Often occur in people with hypertension. These areas are prone to clots because the lenticulostriate and thalamoperforating arteries are smaller branches from the cerebral arteries.
What is Lacunar stroke?
Those memories that are learned unconsciously and often involve actions or behaviors.
What is Nondeclerative memory?
Switching your focus between two different stimuli or tasks/splitting attention between two different stimuli or tasks.
What is Alternating/Divided attention?
Usually caused by damage to Broca’s and adjacent areas in the language dominant hemisphere
Most commonly caused by lesion in the superior division of the MCA (middle cerebral artery)
What is Broca's aphasia?
A defense system for the brain that restricts movement of harmful substances and regulates arterial permeability in the CNS.
What is the the blood brain barrier?
Important for recovery as the cells are not dead and will not die with treatment. This is where reorganization will happen in recovery. Usually has partial blood flow.
What is the importance of the penumbra for neuroplasticity?
The ability to remember to do something in the future.
What is Prospective memory?
General activation in the absence of a specific task. Stimulus free thoughts (autobiographical memory, thinking about the future or other people's perspective)
What is Default mode network?
What are the social determinants of health?