Theories
Strain is a result of the inability to achieve status among peers by socially acceptable means
Theory of Delinquent Subcultures (Cohen)
What are the 4 components to Marxism
- Historical materialism
- Mode of production
- Means of production
- Relations of production
A control theory that states that individuals will commit criminal or delinquent acts when their bonds to society are weakened or have broken.
Social Bonding theory
New academic discipline studying society and social behavior
Sociology
the differentiation between criminals and non-criminals is abnormal behavior
Psychological Theory
The view that multiple sources of strain interact with an individual's emotional traits and responses to produce criminality.
General Strain Theory
economic structure
mode of production
Social Ecology/Disorganization, Cultural Deviance Theory and Strain Theory
Social Structure Sub Theories
Rejection of free will, belief in cause-and-effect
Determinism
crime can result from an over developed ID or Super Ego
Psychoanalytic theory
The disjunction between goals and the means causes strain
Differential Opportunity Theory (Cloward and Ohlin)
technology, tools, resources, knowledge, etc
Means of production
The conflicts and problems of communities (including fear, unemployment, deterioration, and siege mentality) influence crime rates
- concentric zones
Social Ecology Theory
Study of physical differences between criminals and non-criminals
Criminal Anthropology
crime is based on the enviorment
Sociological Theory
a theory that states individuals learn deviant behavior from those close to them who provide models of and opportunities for deviance
Differential Association Theory
What Individual Mode of adaptation is most likely to cause crime?
Innovation
Anomie Theory, Theory of Delinquent Subcultures and Differential Opportunity
Strain Theories
Physical features suggesting biological throwbacks
Atavistic anomalies
Criminals develop techniques to justify and neutralize their behavior
Neutralization Theory
Crime runs in the family due to genetic defects
Hereditary Theory
What Individual Mode of adaptation is least likely to cause crime?
Rirualism
crime results from the breakdown of social norms
Anomie Theory
the belief that individuals subconsciously notice how others see or label them, and their reactions to those labels over time form the basis of their self-identity
Labeling Theory
Examines the role of professional differentials in creating the crime problem
Conflict Theory