Patient Intake and Vitals
What are the four vital signs?
Temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure.
What is the purpose of draping a patient during an examination?
To provide privacy and warmth, and to maintain a sterile field.
What does CLIA stand for?
Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments
What are the three layers of blood?
Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
What does EKG stand for?
Electrocardiogram
What is the normal range for an adult's resting heart rate?
60-100 beats per minute
What are the five rights of medication administration?
Right patient, right medication, right dose, right route, right time.
What is the purpose of a urine dipstick test?
To quickly screen for the presence of various substances in urine, such as glucose, protein, and blood.
What is the proper order of draw for venipuncture?
Yellow, Light Blue, Red, Green, Lavender, Gray.
What does an EKG measure?
The electrical activity of the heart.
What is the term for the force of blood against the arterial walls?
Blood pressure
What is the proper technique for handwashing?
Wet hands with warm water, apply soap, scrub hands together for at least 20 seconds, rinse thoroughly, and dry hands completely
What is the purpose of a throat culture?
To identify the presence of bacteria or other microorganisms that may be causing a throat infection.
What is the purpose of an anticoagulant?
To prevent blood from clotting.
What are some common artifacts that can interfere with an EKG reading?
Muscle tremors, patient movement, and electrical interference.
What is the normal range for adult respiratory rate?
12-20 per minute
What are some common signs and symptoms of a wound infection?
Redness, swelling, warmth, pain, pus, fever.
What are some factors that can affect the accuracy of point-of-care testing results?
Improper technique, incorrect handling of specimens, and equipment malfunctions.
What are some complications that can occur during or after a venipuncture?
Hematoma, nerve damage, fainting, and infection.
What is the purpose of applying electrodes to the patient's chest and limbs during an EKG?
To record the electrical signals from the heart.
What is orthostatic hypotension?
A drop in blood pressure that occurs when a person stands up from a sitting or lying position.
What is the purpose of a sterile field?
To create a clean area free from microorganisms during procedures.
What is the importance of proper specimen collection and handling?
To ensure accurate and reliable test results.
What is the importance of identifying and verifying patient information before performing a blood draw?
To ensure that the correct blood is drawn from the correct patient and that the specimen is properly labeled.
What is the difference between a normal sinus rhythm and an arrhythmia?
A normal sinus rhythm is a regular heartbeat with a normal rate, while an arrhythmia is an irregular heartbeat.