Cardio
What imaging is used to assess cardiovascular anatomy and function?
What does a 'double bubble' sign on an x-ray indicate?
Duodenal atresia
After observing that there is a continuous bubbling in the drainage system connected to the baby’s left chest tube, the next action would be to:
Check for leaks in the system
A 25-week-gestation, 645-gram infant has D10W infusing at 1.6ml/hour via a peripheral IV. The blood glucose via heel stick was 36mg/dl. What is the most appropriate initial nursing action?
Prepare a 2-ml/kg D10W bolus (and increase the rate to 2.6mL/hr)
Which laboratory results would be indicative of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy?
Increased PT and PTT times
What shunt is responsible for the movement of blood between the right and left atrium, and in what direction does the blood primarily flow during fetal life?
Foramen ovale with a right-to-left shunt
An infant with gastroschisis has cyanotic bowel. Which of the following positions should the nurse place the infant in to promote bowel perfusion?
Lateral
Lizette is a 2-hour old neonate with no risk factors who was born at 39 weeks gestation by primary cesarean birth for breech presentation. She presented gasping with copious amounts of amniotic fluid in her upper airways. She was provided bulb suctioning and bag mask ventilation and recovered by 5 minutes of life. At 6 hours of age, she became apneic and dusky. After admission to the NICU, her arterial blood gas is pH 7.19, PCO2 63, HCO3 21. The correct interpretation of this blood gas is:
Respiratory Acidosis
Incidence of ROP can be limited by:
Using right parameters for use of oxygen
What are 2 medications used to treat persistent patent ductus arteriosus?
Ibuprofen or Indomethacin
Which condition includes VSD, pulmonary valve stenosis, RV hypertrophy, and overriding aorta?
Tetralogy of Fallot
A newborn is cyanotic, is grunting, and has a barrel chest and scaphoid abdomen. Upon auscultation, the nurse hears bowel sounds in the left side of its chest. Breath sounds are diminished. Based on this assessment, this infant is most likely to have...
CDH - Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Initial blood gas analysis for an infant with respiratory disease syndrome reveals the following: pH 7.28, PaCO2 65, PaO2 85, HCO3 22. The most appropriate management for this infant, who is being mechanically ventilated, is to:
Increase the peak inspiratory pressure
A 32-week preterm newborn born at a community facility has a heart rate of 130 beats per minute. The newborn is breathing spontaneously, although it has moderate retractions. The oxygen saturation on room air is 75% at 4 minutes of life. The next step would be to
Provide continuous positive airway pressure at 5cm H2O
What dose of dopamine is most effective in treating newborns with decreased renal perfusion?
2-5 mcg/kg/min
Parallel circulations in which there is a separate pulmonary and systemic circulatory system occur in which cardiac condition?
Transposition of the great vessels
A 36-week gestation infant is brought to the NICU for probable pneumonia following an emergency cesarean section. The infant weighs 1622 grams, has a loud murmur, and abdominal distention. The nurse was unable to pass a NGT to decompress the belly. These are classic signs of:
Tracheoesophageal fistula
Mechanically ventilated infants must be monitored for acid-base status. Prolonged, severe hypocapnia resulting in respiratory alkalosis places the infant at risk for:
PVL: Periventricular leukomalacia
An infant has a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Which of the following signs would indicate increasing ventricular pressure and potential shunt failure?
Tense fontanelle
A 3-day-old 35 weeks gestation infant in the NICU began supraventricular tachycardia that was not stopped with non-pharmacologic methods. The drug of choice given rapid IV push is:
Adenosine
The best medication to ensure continued patency of the ductus arteriosus in the neonate is...?
Prostaglandin E
*****DAILY DOUBLE******
After a crash cesarean section for a cord prolapse, a term newborn’s heart rate is 50 beats per minute at 12 minutes of age. The newborn remains hypotonic and does not have any spontaneous respirations. What condition is this infant at risk for?
HIE
An infant with renal failure or overwhelming sepsis may result in:
A low protein diet is necessary to avoid developmental delay in which condition screened for on a newborn screen?
PKU
Gentamicin serum levels need to be monitored in order to prevent what complication?
Ototoxicity