Network Basics
What device is used to separate broadcast domains in a network?
A router
Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for data encryption and decryption?
The Presentation layer.
What is the subnet mask for a /24 network?
255.255.255.0.
What is the default administrative distance for a static route on a Cisco router?
1
What does SSH provide that Telnet does not?
Encrypted communication.
What is the primary function of DNS in a network?
To resolve domain names to IP addresses
What is the PDU (Protocol Data Unit) at the Transport layer of the OSI model?
A segment.
What is the range of valid host addresses in the network 192.168.1.0/28?
192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.14.
What is the difference between Layer 2 and Layer 3 switching?
Layer 2 switching is based on MAC addresses, while Layer 3 switching is based on IP addresses.
What is the primary purpose of an Access Control List (ACL)?
To filter traffic based on defined rules.
What is the purpose of the ARP protocol in a network?
To map IP addresses to MAC addresses
At which OSI layer does the HTTP protocol operate?
Layer 7 (Application).
How many subnets are created when you divide a /24 network into /27 subnets?
Eight subnets.
Name one advantage of using dynamic routing protocols over static routing.
Dynamic routing protocols automatically update routes in response to network changes.
What does WPA2 use to secure wireless communication?
AES encryption.
Name two differences between a hub and a switch.
A hub broadcasts data to all devices, while a switch forwards data based on MAC addresses. A switch operates at Layer 2, while a hub is Layer 1
Explain how the Transport layer ensures reliable delivery of data.
It uses error detection, retransmissions, and acknowledgments through TCP.
If given the IP address 10.0.0.1/16, what is the broadcast address for the subnet?
10.0.255.255.
What is the primary purpose of a VLAN?
To logically segment a network into smaller, isolated broadcast domains.
What is the role of SNMP in network management?
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is used to monitor and manage network devices
What is the IEEE standard for wireless networking, commonly known as Wi-Fi?
IEEE 802.11
What is the purpose of flow control in the Transport layer, and how does it work?
Flow control prevents the sender from overwhelming the receiver by managing the rate of data transmission, often using sliding windows.
What is the primary difference between public and private IP addresses?
Public IP addresses are routable on the internet, while private IP addresses are only used within local networks and require NAT for internet access.
What does the show cdp neighbors command display on a Cisco device?
A list of directly connected Cisco devices and their interfaces.
What is the difference between symmetric and asymmetric encryption, and which is faster?
Symmetric encryption uses a single shared key and is faster, while asymmetric encryption uses a public/private key pair and is slower.