Vocabulary
The power of the court system to review laws/actions to make sure they are constitutional.
Judicial Review
The FEDERAL government must give us access to due process
5th amendment
This type of case resolves a dispute between 2 or more people
Civil Court Case
True or False: The Supreme Court has expanded due process protections in the Bill of Rights.
True
Which part of the government has the power to interpret laws and decide if they are constitutional?
A. Executive Branch
B. Legislative Branch
C. Judicial Branch
D. State Governments
C. Judicial Branch
The constitutional protections against unfair governmental action and laws
Due process
The STATE government must give us due process
14th amendment
Name two types of consequences for criminal convictions?
imprisonment and fines
aka
jail / prison and paying money
Who was the Chief Justice in Marbury v. Madison?
John Marshall
If a person is accused of a crime and they are arrested police must have _________________ _____________. (Step 1)
probable cause
Authority to hear a case for the first time
Original jurisdiction
Which amendment gives people a right to a lawyer?
6th Amendment
(hint: type of lawyer)
prosecutor
Which Supreme Court case said that states cannot tax the national government and that the federal government is stronger than the states?
A. Marbury v. Madison
B. McCulloch v. Maryland
C. Brown v. Board of Education
B. McCulloch v. Maryland
Which of the following best describes the purpose of a grand jury in the United States legal system?
A. To decide if a defendant is guilty or not guilty
B. To determine if there is enough evidence to charge someone with a serious crime
C. To hear appeals from lower courts
B. To determine if there is enough evidence to charge someone with a serious crime
Authority to review decisions made by lower courts
Appellate jurisdiction
The 7th Amendment gives you the right to...
You have the right to a trial by an unbiased jury of your peers
Preponderance of evidence
In 1954, this unanimous Supreme Court ruling declared that "separate but equal" schools were inherently unequal, overturning Plessy v. Ferguson and violating the 14th Amendment's equal protection clause.
Brown v. Board of Education or Marbury v. Madison
Brown v. Board of Education
Which constitutional right is violated when a defendant is denied access to a lawyer and is not given fair legal procedures?
Due Process (6th amendment)
Which principle of government is demonstrated when the judicial branch uses judicial review to declare a law passed by Congress unconstitutional?
checks and balances
To ensure procedural due process, this amendment requires that warrants be issued only upon "probable cause" to prevent "unreasonable searches and seizures."
4th Amendment
These are the two primary classifications of criminal offenses in the United States, distinguished by the severity of the act and the length of potential incarceration.
felonies and misdemeanors
Established in the 1803 case Marbury v. Madison, this principle describes the power of the federal judiciary to determine the constitutionality of acts of Congress and the executive branch.
judicial review
A group of citizens called for serious crimes decides whether there is enough evidence to formally charge someone.
Grand Jury