FOOD SERVICE AND HOSPITAL DIETS
A diet lacking protein, fat, and fiber leaves no residue in the gastrointestinal tract.
Clear Liquid Diet
Resources:
*Diet Manual
What is the temperature danger zone?
Answer: (40 °F - 140 °F)
Reference: www.fsis.usda.gov/food-safety/
Swallowing difficulty is part of what nutrition diagnosis domain?
A. Intake
B. Clinical
C. Behavioral-Environmental
Answer: B. Clinical Domain Define as any problem related to medical or physical condition.
Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
A patient being treated for severe sepsis in an intensive care unit (ICU) who meets the criteria for malnutrition would be considered to have the following malnutrition etiology?
A. Malnutrition related to chronic illness
B. Malnutrition related to pure starvation
C. Malnutrition related to acute illness or injury
D. None of the above
Answer C. The etiology basis for malnutrition assessment includes assessing for the presence of inflammation and if present, the severity of the inflammatory response. A patient with severe sepsis being treated in the ICU who meets the malnutrition criteria can be considered to be malnourished related to an acute illness. Those with more chronic diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, congestive heart failure, etc. would be considered to have a malnutrition etiology related to their chronic disease which is associated with a milder inflammatory response. Patients with pure starvation related malnutrition have no level of inflammation.
Type of Nutrition Formula that provides nutrients in pre-digested form making their transport and absorption easier in the body.
A. Polymeric Formula
B. Modular Formula
C. Elemental Formula
D. Disease-Specific Formula
c. Elemental
Reference: Kim, D. W., & Seres, D. S. (2022). Nutrition Support. Yamada's Textbook of Gastroenterology, 457-477.
A diet specialized for Celiac disease.
Gluten-controlled or gluten-free diet.
Source:
Roth, R. A. (2022). Nutrition & Diet Therapy 10th (tenth) edition. Cengage Learning.
Is the process of securing the right product for a facility at the right time and in a form that meets preestablished standards for quantity, quality, and price.
PURCHASING OR PROCUREMENT; Payne-Palacio, June.
Introduction to foodservice / June Payne-Palacio, Monica Theis. — 11th ed
The Academy/A.S.P.E.N. characteristics for detecting malnutrition include assessing which of the following?
A.Handgrip strength and food intake
B.Excess calorie intake and laboratory data
C. Nails for signs of micronutrient deficiencies and percent weight change
D. Loss of fat mass and medication usage
Answer = A; Rationale: the Academy/ASPEN malnutrition characteristics include assessing food intake, weight history, evaluation of fat and muscle stores, presence of edema and handgrip strength.
Is a disorder characterized by loss of body weight with specific losses of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue
Answer: Cachexia /Cancer-associated cachexia
Reference: Baracos, V. E., Martin, L., Korc, M., Guttridge, D. C., & Fearon, K. C. (2018). Cancer-associated cachexia. Nature reviews Disease primers, 4(1), 1-18.
What is the safe osmolarity limit for the administration of peripheral PN?
Answer: 900mOsm
Reference: Mirtallo, J. M. (2022). Parenteral Nutrition Therapy: Assessment Tools and Guidelines. Pharmacy Practice.
Based on the 4th Edition of Food Exchange Lists for Meal Planning by the DOST-FNRI, how many calories are there in 8 pieces of plain cracker?
Answer: 145 calories
Reference: Department of Science and Technology- Food and Nutrition Research Institute (DOST-FNRI).2019. Food Exchange Lists for Meal Planning, 4th Edition.
An amount stated in current price for a desired product or service
QUOTATION
Source:
Payne-Palacio, June.
Introduction to foodservice / June Payne-Palacio, Monica Theis. — 11th ed
Law that regulate and standardize the practice of nutrition and dietetics in the Philippines, with a provision on Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) through the application of Nutrition Care Process (NCP) for purposes of disease prevention, treatment, and management.
Answer: Republic Act No.10862 or the Nutrition and Dietetics Law of 2016
What is preferred substrate for most patients with sepsis/pneumonia admitted in Intensive care unit?
a. Glucose from glycogen
b. Long chain fatty acids from triglycerides
c. Protein from muscles
d. Ketones from lipid metabolism
e. Glutamine from muscles
Answer: B. Long chain fatty acids from triglycerides
Reference: Chp 7, Metabolism. In Insel P et al (ods), Nutrition, Jones & Bartlett Publishing, Boston, 2011, pg298
It is described as a set of metabolic and electrolyte alterations occurring as the result of the reintroduction of calories through oral, enteral, parenteral nutrition after a period of consistent reduction of energy intake or starvation in individuals with pre-existent malnutrition and/or in a catabolic state
Answer: Refeeding syndrome
Reference: Ponzo, V., Pellegrini, M., Cioffi, I., Scaglione, L., & Bo, S. (2021). The Refeeding Syndrome: a neglected but potentially serious condition for inpatients. A narrative review. Internal and emergency medicine, 16(1), 49-60.
Diet to increase the effectiveness of your upcoming radioactive iodine therapy.
Answer: Low Iodine Diet
Resources:
A., A., & A. (2022, February 11). Homepage. American Thyroid Association. https://www.thyroid.org
A running record of the balance on hand for each item in the storeroom.
PERPETUAL INVENTORY; Payne-Palacio, June.
Introduction to foodservice / June Payne-Palacio, Monica Theis. — 11th ed
What is in the middle ring of the Nutrition Care Process Model?
Answer: Clinical Strength
Clinical Strength includes: Skills and Competencies, Dietetics Knowledge, Critical Thinking, Collaboration, Communication, code of conduct and Evidenced-based practice.
It is a dawn phenomenon occurs when endogenous insulin secretion decreases or when the effect of the exogenous insulin administered to the patient the day before disappears, together with a physiological increase in insulin-antagonistic hormones.
Answer: Somogyi effect
References: Rybicka, M., Krysiak, R., & Okopień, B. (2011). The dawn phenomenon and the Somogyi effect—two phenomena of morning hyperglycaemia. Endokrynologia Polska, 62(3), 276-284.
According to ASPEN guidelines, what is the reasonable target level of blood glucose for patient in Parenteral Nutrition?
Answer: 140-180 mg/dl
Reference: Martello, J. M. (2022). Parenteral Nutrition Therapy: Assessment Tools and Guidelines. Pharmacy Practice.
A framework that consists of a continuum of 8 levels (0 - 7), where drinks are measured from Levels 0 – 4, while foods are measured from Levels 3 – 7. The framework provides a common terminology to describe food textures and drink thickness.
What is the third principle of HACCP?
Reference:
ServSafe
Which of the following is not examined for subcutaneous fat loss?
a.Orbital region
b.Temporalis region
c.Upper arm area
d.Thoracic and lumbar regions
Answer = B
Rationale: areas to assess for fat loss include the orbital and buccal regions of the face, the triceps region, and the ribs, quadriceps, patellar and gastrocnemius regions.
According to KDOQI Guidelines, what is the protein requirement of a patient with Chronic Kidney Disease not on Dialysis with additional pills of ketoanalogues
Answer: 0.28-0.43 g/kg/day
Reference: KDOQI Guidelines
If a child on parenteral nutrition support is cholestatic, what trace element may need to be removed from the parenteral nutrition?
Answer: Manganese
Reference: Martello, J. M. (2022). Parenteral Nutrition Therapy: Assessment Tools and Guidelines. Pharmacy Practice.