Epidemiology
the percentage of Australians with celiac who actually get diagnosed
what is 20%
This classic gastrointestinal symptom of coeliac disease results from villous atrophy leading to fat malabsorption.
What is steatorrhoea?
the 2 most common autoimmune conditions associated with celiac
what are autoimmune thyroid disease and T1DM?
Angular stomatitis and glossitis on examination may point towards this type of anaemia in coeliac disease.
What is iron deficiency anaemia?
The effect of increased age of diagnosis on the chance of developing an additional autoimmune condition
what is the Increased chance of developing another autoimmune condition?
In coeliac disease, recurrent iron deficiency anaemia that does not respond to oral iron supplementation is often due to malabsorption in this part of the small intestine.
What is the duodenum?
LFTs can be done to screen for the following conditions that are prevalent in people with celiac (give 2)
autoimmune hepatitis, autoimmune cholangitis, liver failure, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, primary biliary cirrhosis
Once diagnosed with Celiac, the patient needs to have a DEXA scan this frequently
What is every 5 years?
Patients with untreated coeliac disease may show proximal muscle weakness on exam due to deficiency of this vitamin.
What is vitamin D?
the racial demographic of people more likely to have celiac
what are People of European descent?
This pruritic blistering rash, often seen on the extensor surfaces, represents a common extraintestinal manifestation of coeliac disease.
What is dermatitis herpetiformis?
These rheumatological conditions need to be monitored for in patients with Celiac (give 2)
what any of: sarcoidosis, Polyarthritis, Lupus, Ehlers Danlos Syndrome, Rheumatoid arthritis ?
This (obvious) abdominal finding may be present in children with untreated coeliac disease.
What is abdominal distension?
Chromosomal disorders that increase the risk of developing celiac?
what are down syndrome, turner syndrome, williams syndrome?
the exact mechanism of this is unknown, but these chromosomal disorders are associated with autoimmune conditions
Children with coeliac disease may present with these two growth-related features due to malabsorption of nutrients.
What are short stature and delayed puberty?
2 Investigations that are diagnostic for lactose intolerance
what are the hydrogen breath test and glucose blood test ?
Dermatitis hyperteformis presents in these 3 areas....
any of: over the knee caps, outer surface of the elbows, buttocks, around the ears, the shoulder blades, hairline, eyebrows
Peripheral neuropathy or loss of vibration sense in coeliac disease may be due to deficiency of this vitamin.
What is vitamin B12?
The inherited genes that make a person susceptible to celiac disease
what are HLA DQ2 and HLA DQ8?
Adults with coeliac disease may present insidiously with non-GI symptoms such as fatigue, mood disturbance, or osteoporosis, largely due to deficiency in this vitamin.
What is vitamin D?
the high specificity, high sensitivity test by which dermatitis herpeteformis is diagnosed
what is a skin biopsy followed by immunofluorescence test?
bonus question: what antibody is being tested for in the immunofluorescence test?
These are the 3 cancers associated with celiac disease
what are adenocarcinoma of the small intestine, T-cell lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?
A patient with longstanding untreated coeliac disease demonstrates Chvostek’s sign on examination, reflecting this electrolyte abnormality.
What is hypocalcaemia?