RNA and Protein Syn.
Nucleus
Chromatin
Protein Processing
Random
100
Transcription is read and grows from what end
reads from 5' end
grows from 3' end
100
whats the nuclear lamina
network of fibrous protein
mash of protein in nuclear envelope
100
what are the charges in histone residues
basic
lys and argsee slide 40 on chp 10
100
list atleast 4 things that happen to proteins in the ER
You after getting this question right!!!
subunit assembly
disulfide bond formation
cleavage of the signal peptide by signal peptidase
glycosylation by oligosaccharyl transferase
and many more.... see slide 16 on chp 11
100
what are you going to make on this exam?
100!
200
What unwinds DNA
Helicase
200
Diseases associated with disordered nuclear lamina are called what
laminopathy
200
Euchromatin vs Heterochromatin
Euchromatin: loosely packed and transcriptionally active form of chromatin
Heterochromatin: tightly packed, dense form of chromatin that is transcriptionally inactve.
200
Explain the pulse-chase experiment
see cp11 slide 6
200
size of nucleosome filament diameter in nm
10nm
300
list the three modifications on mrna
5' cap
poly A tail
splicing of exons and removal of intros
300
Dysfunctional Emerin causes what
Muscle dystrophy
300
Full name form of NAD LAD TAD
NAD: Nucleolar-associated domain
LAD: Lamina-associated domain
TAD: Topologically active domain
see slide 36 on chp 10 slides
300
6 parts of the endomembrane system
endoplasmic reticulum
golgi complex
endosomes
lysosomes
vacuoles
cell membrane
300
What are nuclear localization signals
proteins with nuclear localization signals can pass through the pore and into the nucleus
400
Transition
Transversion
Insertion
Deletion
Transition: one base get mistaken for another base in the same class (A-->G) (C-->T)
Transversion: going between the classes (A--->T)
Insertion: extra base is added
Deletion: base is deleted
400
Define these terms
Chromosomes
Nucleoli
Nucleoplasm
Nuclear envelope
- Chromosomes: Thread-like structures made of DNA and proteins that contain genetic information (genes).
- Nucleoli (singular: nucleolus): Structures inside the nucleus that produce ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and assemble ribosomal subunits.
- Nucleoplasm: The gel-like fluid inside the nucleus that surrounds and supports the chromosomes and nucleoli.
- Nuclear envelope: A double membrane that surrounds the nucleus, separates it from the cytoplasm, and contains nuclear pores that regulate what enters and leaves the nucleus.
400
4 stages of mitosis and explain what happens
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
400
List these four facts about I cell disease
Deficient in which enzyme
Results in what in the bloodLifespan?
- Deficient enzyme in Golgi that tags lysosomal enzymes with mannose 6 phosphate
– Results in high lysosomal enzymes in blood
– Skeletal development and motor skills delayed
– Maximum lifespan of 7 years
400
Explain the end replication problem
both ends get shorter(3' still longer tho)
so telomerase makes 3' longer so replication will make 5' longer
500
List four antibiotics that attack prokaryotic subunit they attack
Streptomycin: blocks the initiation of translation and causes the misreading of mRNA (30s)
Tetracyclines: inhibit binding of aminoacyl-tRNAs (30s)
Erythromycin: prevents the continuation of protein synthesis
Chloramphenicol: prevents peptide bonds from being formed (inhibits peptidyl transferase activity) 50s
500
List 8 steps of the protein import cycle
Protein with NLS + Importin
• Binds to cytoplasmic filament
• Translocation through pore
• Ran/GTP binds to and disrupts complex
• Protein with NLS released
• Importin + Ran/GTP exported
• Ran GAP hydrolyzes GTP to GDP
• Ran/GDP is transported back into nucleus
and acted on by Ran-GEF
500
what is the name of this character
Light Yagami!
500
List the three enzymes
E1: Ub activating enzyme
E2: Ub conjugating enzyme
E3: Ub ligase
see ch11 page 29
500
function of speckle (an example of nuclear body)
storage of pre-mrna splicing