Cells and Structures
This is the smallest functional unit of life, essential for all biological activities.
What is a cell?
This process moves molecules from high to low concentration without energy use.
What is diffusion?
This process converts sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose.
What is photosynthesis?
This process divides one cell into two genetically identical cells.
What is mitosis?
This molecule is known as the energy currency of the cell.
What is ATP?
Found only in plant cells, this structure provides support and protection.
What is the cell wall?
This specific type of diffusion involves water crossing a membrane.
What is osmosis?
This pigment absorbs sunlight, powering photosynthesis
What is chlorophyll?
This form of cell division produces four genetically unique gametes
What is meiosis?
These long strands of DNA ensure genetic material is evenly divided during cell division.
What are chromosomes?
This double-layered structure controls the entry and exit of materials in cells.
What is the phospholipid bilayer?
This pump moves sodium out and potassium into the cell, maintaining ion balance.
What is the sodium-potassium pump?
This cycle converts carbon dioxide into glucose in the stroma of the chloroplast.
What is the Calvin Cycle?
This is the process where chromosomes exchange genetic material during meiosis.
What is crossing over?
This structure regulates what enters and exits the cell, maintaining homeostasis.
What is the cell membrane?
Known as the "powerhouse" of the cell, this organelle generates ATP.
What are mitochondria?
The process by which a cell engulfs particles or nutrients from outside the cell.
What is endocytosis?
This is the chemical equation for photosynthesis:
6CO2+6H2O+light energy→C6H12O6+6O2
These reproductive cells carry half the number of chromosomes as body cells
What are gametes?
These organisms make their own food, while these consume other organisms.
What are autotrophs and heterotrophs?
This organelle houses DNA and controls cell activities.
What is the nucleus?
This type of respiration requires oxygen and produces large amounts of ATP.
What is aerobic respiration?
Found in plant cells, these organelles are responsible for photosynthesis.
What are chloroplasts?
This process ensures that sperm and egg combine to form a zygote
What is fertilization?
This genetic diversity enables populations to adapt and evolve over time.
What is genetic variation?