Cell Theory+ Structure & Function
Which organelle is the powerhouse of the cell
Mitochondria
Which cellular transport uses ATP to move substances against concentration gradient?
What is Active Transport?
Which phase is the longest phase of the cell cycle?
What is interphse?
This type of organism is made up of only one cell.
What is a unicellular organism?
Which biomolecules contain the elements C, H, O and N?
What is protein and nucleic acid?
According to cell theory, all living things are made of cells, cells come from pre-existing cells. What is the third principle?
What is that cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living organisms?
A scientist places red blood cells into three different solutions: isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic. In which solution would the cells swell and may burst?
What is a hypotonic solution?
This process reduces the chromosome number by half to produce gametes.
What is meiosis?
This organelle helps a unicellular organism remove excess water to maintain balance.
What is the contractile vacuole?
What is the most likely happened to your enzymes if you have a fever over 103 F?
What is enzyme are denatured?
These cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles and are typically smaller and simpler.
What are prokaryotic cells?
What best explains the increase in the heart rate and the breathing rate during exercise
What is Body cells require increased oxygen as energy is expended ?
A somatic cell of a fruit fly contains 8 chromosomes. After meiosis, how many chromosomes will be present in each gamete, and what term describes this number?
What is 4 chromosomes, haploid (n)?
This process allows unspecialized cells to become specialized for different functions in multicellular organisms
What is cell differentiation?
An advertisement for a health supplement for dogs claims to build lean muscle and strengthen tendons and ligaments, as well as provide energy. Which two biomolecules must the supplement contain to provide these benefits?
What is Proteins and carbohydrates ?
This organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for transport out of the cell.
What is the Golgi apparatus?
A cell is placed in a solution where the concentration of solute is higher outside the cell than inside. What will most likely happen?
What is Water will move out of the cell, causing it to shrink ?
During prophase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes exchange pieces of DNA. What is this process called, and what is its main result?
What is crossing over, which increases genetic variation?
These are cells that have not yet become specialized and can develop into different types of cells.
What are stem cells?
A student tests an unknown substance and finds it contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen and is affected by changes in temperature and pH. Which type of biomolecule is it most likely?
What is protein?
Which of these components are found in the cells of all living organisms?
A Estrogen and testosterone
B Hemoglobin and lymphocytes
C Cytosine and guanine
D Cellulose and chlorophyll
What is C Cytosine and guanine?
An individual who participates in a long-distance run on a hot day will produce large quantities of sweat. As a result of the excessive sweating, the amount of urine produced by the kidneys will change. How will the kidneys respond to help the individual’s body maintain homeostasis?
What is the kidneys will decrease urine production to allow the body to conserve water ?
Gametes produced by an organism contain a combination of genes from that organism. In every gamete, this combination is —
A the same because it is created from the same DNA
B the same because chromosomes are copied prior to meiosis
C different due to DNA replication prior to mitosis
D different due to independent assortment during meiosis
What is D different due to independent assortment during meiosis?
Nerve cells and other brain cells have the same DNA, but they perform different functions. What explains why they are different?
What is different genes are turned on (activated) in each type of cell?
Cellulose, starch, glycogen, and chitin are types of carbohydrates. Which two are used for structure?
What is chitin and cellulose?