Cell Foundations
While examining cork under a microscope, this scientist named the tiny compartments "cells."
Who is Robert Hooke?
This organelle houses most of a eukaryotic cell's DNA, including instructions for making proteins.
What is the nucleus?
These tiny structures assemble amino acids into proteins.
What are ribosomes?
The movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration
What is Diffusion?
When dissolved substances cannot cross a membrane, water tends to move toward the side with this solute concentration: Higher or lower?
What is a higher solute concentration?
This theory states that all living things contain cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and cells come from existing cells.
What is the cell theory?
These organelles produce most of cell's ATP.
What is the mitochondria?
Ribosomes attached to its surface give this membrane network its "rough" appearance.
What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
The membrane's basic structure consists of two layers of these molecules, with water- loving head and water avoiding tails.
What are phospholipids?
The process of water moving across a membrane to balance concentrations.
What is osmosis?
Bacteria belong to this group of cells, which lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
What are prokaryotic cells?
Plant cells have these two structures that animal cells lack: one supports the cell and the other carries out photosynthesis.
What are the cell wall and chloroplasts?
This organelle modifies, sorts and packages proteins for their destinations.
What is the Golgi apparatus or body?
This property of a cell membrane means that some substances cross more easily than others.
What is semipermeable or selective permeability?
A potato sample weighs less after soaking in strong saltwater. This is the direction water moved overall.
What is out of the potato cells and into the surrounding solution?
Plant and animal cells belong to this group, which contains a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
What are eukaryotic cells?
These organelles contain digestive enzymes that break down worn-out cell parts and other materials.
What are lysosomes?
After traveling through the rough ER and Golgi, a protein can leave the cell when a vesicle fuses with this?
What is the cell membrane?
An onion cell will shrivel up if exposed to...
Water with HIGHER salt content, LOWER salt content, THE SAME salt content
What is HIGHER salt content?
After saltwater reaches red onion cells, their contents shrink away from the cell walls. This process has this name.
What is plasmolysis?
A microscope has a 10x eyepiece and a 40x objective lens. This is its total magnification.
What is 400x?
This large compartment in plant cells stores water and helps maintain the pressure that keeps the plant firm.
What is the central vacuole?
This molecules carries a copy of a gene's instructions from the nucleus to a ribosome.
What is mRNA?
Moving a substance against its concentration gradient requires energy and belongs to this type of transport?
What is active transport?
A solution with lower solvent concentration is this.
What is a hypotonic solution?