Plant Cells
This rigid outer layer supports and protects a plant cell.
What is the cell wall?
Compared with plant cells, animal cells lack these two structures: a rigid outer wall and the organelles used for photosynthesis.
What are the cell wall and chloroplasts?
These tiny structures build proteins.
What are ribosomes?
Like city hall, this organelle holds the instructions and directs the cell's activities.
What is the nucleus?
You find a cell with a nucleus, mitochondria, and a cell membrane. Could it be a plant cell, an animal cell, or either?
What is either a plant cell or an animal cell?
This organelle uses sunlight to make sugars through photosynthesis.
What is a chloroplast?
This organelle uses digestive chemicals to break down waste and worn-out cell parts.
What is a lysosome?
This jelly-like material fills the cell, surrounds organelles, and is where many cell reactions occur.
What is cytoplasm?
Like a security gate, this structure controls what enters and leaves the cell.
What is the cell membrane?
You spot a darker structure inside the nucleus that helps produce ribosomes. Identify it.
What is the nucleolus?
This large storage compartment holds water and helps keep a plant cell firm.
What is the large central vacuole?
Animal cells have smaller versions of these storage compartments, while plant cells usually have one large central version.
What are vacuoles?
This structure inside the nucleus helps make ribosomes.
What is the nucleolus?
Like a warehouse, this cell compartment stores water, nutrients, and waste.
What is a vacuole?
You find a folded membrane network without ribosomes attached. Identify this type of ER.
What is smooth ER?
When the large central vacuoles lose water, a plant may droop. This is the word for that drooping.
What is wilting?
A muscle cell needs lots of energy to help you run. You would expect it to have many of these organelles.
What are mitochondria?
This type of endoplasmic reticulum makes lipids and helps detoxify substances.
What is smooth ER?
Like a post office, this organelle sorts, packages, and ships materials.
What is the Golgi apparatus?
A student says, "Plant cells do not need mitochondria because they have chloroplasts." Explain why this is incorrect.
Plant cells need mitochondria to release usable energy from food. Chloroplasts make sugars using sunlight.
A leaf cell makes sugars using sunlight in one organelle and releases usable energy from food in another. Name both organelles, in that order.
What are chloroplasts and mitochondria?
An animal cell makes proteins successfully but cannot properly sort and package them for delivery. This organelle is most likely malfunctioning.
What is the Golgi apparatus?
This type of ER helps make and move proteins. Name it AND explain what makes it look rough.
What is rough ER, which has ribosomes attached?
In a plant-cell city, one structure acts like a rigid protective fence, while another controls passage through the boundary. Name the fence AND the gate.
What are the cell wall and cell membrane?
A student labels the nucleus "builds proteins," the ribosomes "hold DNA," and the nucleolus "stores water." Correct all three labels.
The nucleus holds DNA and directs activities; ribosomes build proteins; the nucleolus helps make ribosomes.