About Cells
Scientists use these to study cells
What are microscopes?
Separates cell from external environment; controls passage of organic molecules, ions, water, oxygen, and wastes into and out of the cell
What is a plasma membrane?
Cell organelle that houses DNA and directs synthesis of ribosomes and proteins
What is a nucleus?
Protection, structural support and maintenance of cell shape
What is a cell wall?
Location of DNA
What is a nucleoid?
all living things are composed of one or more cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, and all new cells arise from existing cells
What is the [unified] cell theory?
Provides structure to cell; site of many metabolic reactions; medium in which organelles are found
What is cytoplasm?
ATP production/cellular respiration; THE POWERHOUSE OF THE CELL
What are mitochondria?
Photosynthesis
What are chloroplasts?
Modifies, sorts, tags, packages, and distributes lipids and proteins
What is the golgi apparatus?
What are the four common components of all cells?
synthesizes proteins
What are ribosomes?
Storage and transport; digestive function in plant cells
What are vesicles and vacuoles?
Digestion of macromolecules; recycling of worn-out organelles
What are lysosomes?
Unspecified role in cell division in animal cells; organizing center of microtubules in animal cells
What are centrosomes?
What is "true"?
Maintains cell shape, secures organelles in specific positions, allows cytoplasm and vesicles to move within the cell, and enables unicellular organisms to move independently
What is a cytoskeleton?
Modifies proteins and synthesizes lipids; ribosomes may be present here
What is endoplasmic reticulum?
Cellular locomotion, movement of particles along extracellular surface of plasma membrane, and filtration
What are cilia?
two domains of primarily unicellular organisms which are classified as prokaryotes
What are Bacteria and Archaea?
These people proposed the unified cell theory in the 1830s while studying tissues
Who are Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann?
Cellular locomotion; present in only some of all cell types
What is flagella?
Oxidizes and breaks down fatty acids and amino acids, and detoxifies poisons
What are peroxisomes?
the meaning of -karyon- in prokaryote and eukaryote