Cell Growth & Reproduction
Which type of reproduction needs only one parent to reproduce?
Asexual
What is the longest phase of the cell cycle?
Interphase
Name the 3 phases of Interphase (in order).
G1, S, G2
Name the phases of mitosis, in order.
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
When cells lose control of the cell cycle and divide uncontrollably, we call this disorder ________.
Cancer
Bacteria produce two identical daughter cells when they reproduce. What type of reproduction is this?
Asexual
The cell cycle can be split into 2 large phases. What are they?
Tell me what occurs in G1, S, & G2 phases.
G1: cell growth
S: DNA replication
G2: cell prepares to divide & replicates organelles
___________________ are the structures that form from the centrioles and attach to the chromosomes during metaphase.
Spindle Fibers
What are the three treatments for cancer?
1. Surgery to remove tumor
2. Radition to kill cancer cell DNA
3. Chemotherapy to kill cancer cells
Why can't cells grow as large as they'd like?
- Traffic Problems: overcrowding
- Information overload on DNA
What two phases make up the M Phase?
Mitosis & Cytokinesis
Prokaryote
Janiah looks at a cell under the microscope and sees that chromosomes are moving toward opposite poles of the cell. What phase of the cell cycle is Janiah looking at?
Anaphase
What is apoptosis?
Programmed cell death
Sea urchins produce offspring that are slightly different from their two parents. What type of reproduction is this?
Sexual
When chromosomes duplicate, they are attached at the ____________.
Centromere
Goldfish cells have 100 chromosomes. Are goldfish cells prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Eukaryotic
Explain what happens to the cell in prophase.
2. Spindle fibers form
3. Chromosomes condense & become visible
Cancer becomes more serious when cancer cells enter the ______________ and spread to the rest of the body.
1. For growth
2. For reproduction
3. So they do not become too large (overcrowded)
4. To replace/repair old & damaged cells
Division of the nucleus is called __________.
Division of the cytoplasm is called __________.
1. Mitosis
2. Cytokinesis
If I have a cell with 46 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would this cell have at the end of the S phase?
92 chromosomes
When the cell divides and produces two identical daughter cells, we call this phase ____________.
Cytokinesis
What is a carcinogen? Give me an example of one.
- an agent that increases your chance of getting cancer.
- examples: radiation, smoking, X-rays, certain chemicals, etc.