DNA
What does DNA stand for?
deoxyribonucleic acid
What is interphase?
when the cell is not going through mitosis or meiosis
What are the three purposes of mitosis?
to grow, repair, maintain cells
What is the purpose of meiosis?
reproduction
What are the bases in DNA? How are they paired?
A T
G C
Is DNA made of 1 or 2 strands?
2
What happens in the G1 phase?
Growth
Type of cell created in mitosis that are body cells
somatic cells
type of cells that are created in meiosis that are for reproduction
gametes
what is the goal of DNA replication?
to create the exact same DNA
What is DNA made of?
nucleotides/nitrogenous bases
What happens in the S phase?
DNA synthesis
How many cells created in mitosis?
2
How many cells created in meiosis?
4
what is the template strand?
the original DNA
What is DNA condensed?
chromosomes
What happens in the G2 phase?
preparation for mitosis
condensation of DNA into chromosomes
Why are the cells in mitosis called diploid?
because they contain full sets of DNA
Why are the cells created in meiosis called haploid?
they only have half the number of chromosomes as the original
What is the complementary strand?
the strand being created
What is the purpose of genes on DNA?
carry genetic information responsible for the development and function of an organism
What can happen if the cell cycle goes unregulated?
cancer, mutations, unregulated cell growth etc.
Are the cells created in mitosis the same or different in comparison to the original cells?
the same
Why are homologous chromosomes important for genetic diversity?
they experience crossing over which shares DNA between chromosomes
this means that gametes will have different DNA
if each gamete is fertilized (egg and sperm, egg and pollen come together) then they will produce genetically different offspring
When are homologous chromosomes important?
meiosis