Cell Cycle
DNA is duplicated during this stage, increasing by +100%
Synthesis or S Phase
Chromosomes are lined up down the middle of the cell, attached to spindle fibers.
What is Metaphase?
How many checkpoints are present in the cell cycle?
What is the expected percent change in the DNA content of a typical eukaryotic cell at the G2 checkpoint?
+100%
Cell division used by prokaryotes, like bacteria.
What is Binary Fission?
Cell performing it's normal functions.
What is G1 or Growth phase?
Chromosomes become visible as paired chromatids and the nuclear envelope disappears.
What is Prophase?
Uncontrolled cell growth
Cancer
Feedback mechanisms are physiological systems in living organisms working to maintain this stable internal environment.
What is Homeostasis?
The 'guardian of the genome'; this protein acts as a tumor suppressor, triggering apoptosis in cells with damaged DNA
What is p53?
Where a cell spends approximately 90% of it's life cycle.
Two new nuclei are formed.
What is Telophase?
This checkpoint is the most important and decides whether or not the cell will undergo division or enter the G0 phase.
What is the G1 checkpoint?
This type of feedback increases the stimulus.
What is Positive Feedback?
This protein organizes chromosomes and can be found with DNA wrapped around.
What are Histones?
Amount of cytoplasm, including organelles, increases in preparation for division.
What is G2?
Sister chromatids separate.
What is Anaphase?
These proteins help to internally regulate the cell cycle and remain at a constant level/concentration throughout the process.
What are Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDKs)?
This type of feedback decreases a stimulus and returns a system to homeostasis.
What is Negative Feedback?
During cytokinesis, animal cells form a cleavage furrow to divide while plant cells form this.
What is a Cell Plate?
Nerve and muscle cells get stuck here while liver cells may move in and out.
What is G0 or G 'not' phase
This process occurs directly after mitosis in the cell cycle, resulting in two identical daughter cells.
What is Cytokinesis?
These proteins help to internally regulate the cell cycle and levels/concentrations change throughout the process depending on the checkpoint.
What are Cyclins?
External signal regulating the cell cycle
What are Growth Factors or Hormones
Which state did Mr. Fulks travel to over winter break?
What is Florida? (Disneyworld)